听觉中枢功能状态对老年感音神经性听障患者听力语言康复的影响

目的探究听觉中枢功能状态对老年感音神经性听障患者听力语言康复的影响。方法选取我院2018年1月~2020年8月诊治的老年感音神经性听障患者109例,分别进行纯音测听、助听听阈测试、皮层听觉诱发电位测试及言语识别测试。以55 dB声压级(sound pressure level,SPL)下皮层听觉诱发电位P1是否全部引出波形分为A组(引出波形,n=47)和B组(未引出波形,n=62);比较两组患者纯音测听、助听听阈结果和言语识别率,分析助听听阈与听觉诱发电位P1波潜伏期、幅值的相关性。结果A组患者纯音听阈显著高于B组(P<0.05);A组在低频、中频、高频的助听听阈值均显著低于B组(P<0.05)。配戴助听器后两组患者的言语识别率均增加,且A组显著高于B组(P<0.05)。P1波幅值随着刺激强度增强逐渐降低,助听听阈随着引出P1的刺激强度增强逐渐提高。助听听阈与幅值呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与P1波潜伏期无相关性(P>0.05)。结论皮层听觉诱发电位与助听听阈测试结果具有相关性。

The Effect of Central Auditory Function on the Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation of the Elderly with Severe Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Objective To explore the effect of central auditory function on the hearing and speech rehabilitation of the elderly with severe sensorineural hearing loss.Methods 109 elderly sensorineural hearing loss patients diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2018 to August 2020 were selected.Pure tone audiometry,hearing threshold test,cortical auditory evoked potential test and speech recognition test were performed respectively.According to whether all waveform elicited under 55 dB Sound Pressure Level(SPL),they were divided into group A(all waveform elicited,n=47)and group B(all waveform not elicited,n=62).The pure tone audiometry results of the two groups were compared,and the hearing threshold under different testing intensity was compared.The correlation between the hearing threshold and the P1 wave latency and amplitude of the auditory evoked potential was analyzed,as well as the speech recognition rate of the two groups.Results The pure tone threshold of group A was significantly higher than that of group B(P<0.05);The hearing thresholds of group A in low frequency,intermediate frequency and high frequency are significantly lower than those of Group B(P<0.05).The speech recognition rate of the two groups after hearing aid was increased,and group A was significantly higher than group B(P<0.05).The P1 wave amplitude gradually decreases with the increase of the stimulation intensity,and the hearing threshold increases with the increase of the stimulation intensity.Hearing aid hearing threshold was significantly negatively correlated with amplitude(P<0.05),and had no correlation with P1 wave latency(P>0.05).Conclusion Cortical auditory evoked potentials can predict the hearing aid effect of the elderly with severe sensorineural deafness,and can be used to guide the selection of hearing aids,with high clinical application value.