降低大鼠心肌梗死模型死亡率的方法

目的 探讨降低大鼠心肌梗死模型死亡率的影响因素.方法 结扎180只Wistar雄性大鼠左冠状动脉前降支制备心肌梗死模型,分析麻醉药品、气管插管方法、结扎部位的高低及术后护理等因素对大鼠死亡率的影响,并取心脏组织行HE染色、氯化四唑（tetrazolium chloride,TTC）染色确认模型成功建立.结果 水合氯醛麻醉死亡率15%,戊巴比妥钠麻醉死亡率35%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;经口气管插管大鼠死亡率10%,经气管切开插管死亡率29.4%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;有术后护理大鼠死亡率5.9%,无术后护理大鼠死亡率22.2%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.而结扎部位的不同对大鼠手术死亡率及手术成功率亦有明显的影响.结论 本研究显示麻醉药品、气管插管方法、结扎部位的高低及术后护理等因素均对梗死模型的死亡率有影响,选择合适的麻醉药品和剂量以及气管插管方法,正确的结扎部位及适当的术后护理等可明显降低制作大鼠心肌梗死模型死亡率.

Study on decreasing mortality rate of rat model with myocardial infarction

Objectives To investigate the factors that influence death rate of creating rat model of infarct heart. Methods Left anterior descending coronary arteries were ligated to produce myocardial infarction (MI) in 180 Wistar male rats. Some factors to affect rat mortality were analysed involving drugs of anesthesia, method of intubation, sites of ligation and post operation care etc. Credible rat models were evidenced by hematoxylin-eosin staining and tetrazolium tetrachloride staining. Results There was significant difference in mortality between the rats which underwent chloral hydrate anesthesia and pentobarbital sodium anesthesia(15% vs 35% P<0.05). There was significant difference in mortality between the rats with intubation under direct vision and tracheostomy (10% vs 29.4% P < 0.05), There was significant difference in mortality and success rate with different sites of ligation,as well as the rats which received post operation care and no post operation care (5.9% vs 22.2% P<0.01). Conclusions Anesthesia drug, method of intubation, sites of ligation and post operation care can influence the survival rate of MI rats. Selecting anesthetic agents and method of intubation correctly , optimal ligating sites plus post operation care can decrease mortality in making a successful rat MI model.