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Promotion and prevention of autoimmune disease by CD8+ T cells
Affiliation:1. The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA;2. Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA;3. Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;4. Program in Molecular Medicine, Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA;5. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA;1. University of L''Aquila, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Clinical Pathology, L''Aquila, Italy;2. University of L''Aquila, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, L''Aquila, Italy;3. Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel;1. Type 1 Diabetes Centre, Infectivology and Clinical Trials Research Department, Children''s Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy;2. Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
Abstract:Until recently, little was known about the importance of CD8+ T effectors in promoting and preventing autoimmune disease development. CD8+ T cells can oppose or promote autoimmune disease through activities as suppressor cells and as cytotoxic effectors. Studies in several distinct autoimmune models and data from patient samples are beginning to establish the importance of CD8+ T cells in these diseases and to define the mechanisms by which these cells influence autoimmunity. CD8+ effectors can promote disease via dysregulated secretion of inflammatory cytokines, skewed differentiation profiles and inappropriate apoptosis induction of target cells, and work to block disease by eliminating self-reactive cells and self-antigen sources, or as regulatory T cells. Defining the often major contribution of CD8+ T cells to autoimmune disease and identifying the mechanisms by which they alter the pathogenesis of disease is a rapidly expanding area of study and will add valuable information to our understanding of the kinetics, pathology and biology of autoimmune disease.
Keywords:Autoimmune disease  CD8+ T cell  Tolerance  AIHA"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0030"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  autoimmune hemolytic anemia  ALPS"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0040"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome  APC"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0050"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  antigen presenting cells  CTL"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0060"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  cytotoxic T lymphocytes  EAE"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0070"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis  HLA"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0080"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  human leukocyte antigen  LCMV"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0090"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus  MBP"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0100"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  myelin basic protein  MOG"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0110"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein  MPP"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0120"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  myelin proteolipid protein  MHC"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0130"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  major histocompatibility complex  MS"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0140"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  multiple sclerosis  RA"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0150"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  rheumatoid arthritis  SLE"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0160"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  systemic lupus erythematosus  T1D"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0170"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  type 1 diabetes  Tc"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0180"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  cytokine producing CD8+ effectors  TCR"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0190"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  T cell receptor  Treg"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0200"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  regulatory T cell  TRA"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0210"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  tissue restricted antigens
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