电离辐射心血管系统损伤途径的研究进展

不同剂量电离辐射对心血管系统的损伤途径存在一定差异,高剂量电离辐射可直接破坏微血管内皮细胞功能屏障,影响细胞黏附分子(cell adhesion molecules,CAMs)等生物大分子的表达,诱导炎性细胞渗出、组织纤维化及坏死等慢性微血管内皮细胞损伤。进而影响循环系统内环境稳态,诱发早期心血管疾病。小剂量电离辐射对心血管系统的损伤途径主要表现为电离辐射的异常DNA甲基化效应和氧化应激效应,由此产生的代谢产物如活性氧自由基(reactive oxygen species, ROS)和同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine, Hcy)均可对心血管系统造成慢性损伤,电离辐射持续暴露导致次级效应代谢产物的蓄积将加剧心血管系统损伤倾向。

Research progress on the pathways of cardiovascular system injury caused by continuous exposure to ionizing radiation

Different doses of ionizing radiation can damage cardiovascular system by different pathways. High doses of ionizing radiation can directly cause damage to microvascular endothelial cell barrier function, affect the expression of cell adhesion molecules and other biological macromolecules, and lead to chronic microvascular endothelial cell injury, such as inflammatory cell infiltration, fibrosis and necrosis. And the damaging effect will break the environmental homeostasis in the circulatory system and induce early cardiovascular disease gradually. Low-dose ionizing radiation-induced cardiovascular system damage is mainly due to abnormal DNA methylation and oxidative stress, and the resulting metabolites, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and homocysteine (Hcy), can cause chronic damage to cardiovascular system. The accumulation of secondary effect metabolites caused by continuous exposure to ionizing radiation will aggravate the tendency of cardiovascular system damage.