儿童尿路感染常见病原菌的分布及耐药性

目的 探讨儿童尿路感染常见病原菌的种类分布及耐药性,为临床医师选择抗菌药物提供参考依据.方法 对2009年1月-2010年12月中段尿标本分离的病原菌进行统计分析,细菌培养和菌株鉴定严格按《全国临床检验操作规程》进行；药敏试验采用纸片扩散法,药敏结果按照CLSI 2009-2010年标准进行分析判断.结果 223株儿童尿路感染病原菌以大肠埃希菌为主,占38.1％,其次是肠球菌属,占18.8％,除碳青霉烯类抗菌药物对革兰阴性杆菌、糖肽类抗菌药物对革兰阳性球菌保持了100.0％的抗菌活性以外,尿路感染病原菌对常用抗菌药物均显示了不同程度的耐药性.结论 儿童尿路感染病原菌的耐药性呈上升趋势,其原因与临床大量使用广谱抗菌药物密切相关,应采取有效措施进行干预.

Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing urinary tract infection in children

OBJECTIVE To study the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing urinary tract infection in children and provide reference for clinical use of antibiotics.METHODS The strains isolated from midstream urine specimen from Jan.2009 to Dec.2010 were included in this study.The positive results of urine culture were analyzed statistically.Referring to National Guide to Clinical Laboratory Procedures,the strains were cultured and identified.Susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method.The drug susceptibility results were assessed according to CLSI 2009-2010 breakpoints.RESULTS Among the 223 isolates,the majority were Escherichia coli which accounted for 38.1%,followed by Enterococci,accounting for 18.8%.Except for 100.0% sensitivity rate of carbapenems to gram-negative bacilli and of glycopeptides to gram-positive cocci,the pathogenic bacteria causing urinary tract infection in children were resistant to the most commonly used antibiotics of varying degrees.CONCLUSION The clinical abuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics is closely related to the increasing drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing urinary tract infection in children.We should intervene by taking effective measures.