四川省达州市42例新型冠状病毒肺炎病例的流行特征

目的分析达州市新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)病例流行病学特征,为达州市新冠肺炎防控提供科学依据。方法对2020年1—2月达州市报告的42例新冠肺炎病例资料进行统计分析。结果达州市7个县(市、区)均有病例报告,人群以30~<50岁为主,无未成年人确诊病例报告;发病高峰在2020年1月26日—2月5日,临床症状以发热(59.52%)和咳嗽(64.29%)为主,早期CT检查肺部异常率90.48%;19例输入性病例中18例有武汉旅居史或停留史;患者发病到住院、确诊到出院和持续排毒时间中位数分别为5.5 d、18.5 d和7.0 d,四分位数间距分别为5.5 d、8.0 d和6.0 d。结论达州市1月份以输入性疫情为主,2月份本地病例不断增加,2月下旬疫情逐渐控制;将发热、咳嗽作为新冠肺炎临床筛查指征,CT检查可作为早期筛查手段;患者住院时间和持续排毒时间较长,应做好长时间治疗准备及治疗过程中心理疏导,提高患者配合度;达州市聚集性疫情程度较重,基层工作有差距,新周期需进一步落实各项防控工作,严防因境外输入引发本地病例。

Epidemiological characteristics of 42 cases of COVID-19 in Dazhou,Sichuan

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in Dazhou City,we provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of COVID-19 in Dazhou City.Methods Statistical analysis of 42 cases of COVID-19 reported in Dazhou were conducted from January to February 2020.Results Cases were reported in 7 counties(cities,districts)of Dazhou City.The population was mainly 30-49 years old,and no confirmed cases of minors were reported.The peak incidence was from January 26 to February 5,2020.Clinical symptoms were mainly fever(59.52%)and cough(64.29%),and the abnormal rate of lung was 90.48% in early CT examination.18 of the 19 imported cases had a history of residence or staying in Wuhan.The median number of days from onset to hospitalization,confirmed to discharge,and long duration of viral shedding were 5.5,18.5 and 7.0 days,inter-quartile range of days were 5.5,8.0 and 6.0 days,respectively.Conclusions In January,the imported epidemic were the main ones in Dazhou,and in February,local cases kept increasing.Later,the epidemic disease was gradually controlled after the strict control measures were implemented.Fever and cough are used as clinical screening indicators for COVID-19,and CT examination can be used as an early screening method;Shortening the time from onset to hospitalization and ensuring the operation of fever clinics can reduce the spread of the disease;The time of hospitalization and the average time of carrying virus of patients are relatively long.Long-term treatment,psychological counseling and improving patient’s coordination should be prepared during treatment.The aggregated epidemic in Dazhou City is serious,and there is a gap in grass-roots work.In the new cycle,various prevention and control work need to be further implemented so as to prevent local cases caused by foreign imports.