2014—2018年珠海市性病流行特征分析

目的 了解珠海市性病流行特征及趋势,为制定性病防治对策提供参考依据。 方法 对2014—2018年珠海市淋病、梅毒、尖锐湿疣、生殖器疱疹、生殖道沙眼衣原体感染5种监测性病病例报告资料进行流行病学统计分析。 结果 性病报告发病率由2014年的276.70/10万上升到2018年的331.54/10万,年均增幅为4.62%,其中淋病、生殖道沙眼衣原体感染上升明显,梅毒先升后降。城区街道发病率为455.49/10万,以拱北街道最高;郊区乡镇为180.00/10万,以井岸镇最高,城郊之间发病率差异有统计学意义。男女性病报告发病率总体均呈上升趋势,男女性别比为1.16∶1,其中淋病性别比为12.60∶1,生殖道沙眼衣原体感染为0.51∶1。20~39岁为高发年龄段(503.23/10万),50~59岁年均增幅最大(9.08%),梅毒50岁以上人群发病率高于梅毒其他年龄段及其他性病同年龄段发病率。职业以家务及待业最多(28.98%)。 结论 2014—2018年珠海市性病疫情总体呈上升态势,疫情具有明显的地区聚集性,以城区街道为主,应根据性病疫情发展特征采取相应防控政策。

Epidemic characteristics of sexually transmitted diseases in Zhuhai city, 2014-2018

Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics and trend of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in Zhuhai city so as to provide a reference basis for developing STD prevention and control strategies. Methods An epidemiological statisticalanalysis was performed on the data regardingmonitored cases about five types of STDs, including gonorrhea, syphilis, genital warts, genital herpes and Chlamydia trachomatis infection, in Zhuhai city between 2014 and 2018. Results The reported incidence rate of the STDs increased from 276.70/100,000 in 2014 to 331.54/100,000 in 2018, with an annual average increase of 4.62%, of which the incidence of gonorrhea and genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection increased significantly, while the incidence of syphilis went up first and then went down. The incidence rate in urban streets was 455.49/100,000, with the highest incidence rate in Gongbei subdistrict. The incidence rate in rural areas of the suburbs was 180.00/100,000, with the highest incidence rate in Jing’an town. A statistically significant difference was observed between the urban and suburb areas. The reported incidence rates of STDs in the males and females showed an overall upward trend, and the male to female gender ratio was 1.61∶1, of which the gender ratios in gonorrhea and genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection were 12.60∶1 and 0.51∶1, respectively. Most of the STD cases were found in the age group of 20-39 years (503.23/100,000), and the incidence rate in the age group of 50-59 years increased most rapidly, with the annual average increase of 9.08%. The incidence rate of syphilis was higher in the age group above 50 years than in the other age groups as well as the other STDs groups aged above 50 years. The most common occupations were housekeeping and unemployment (28.98%). Conclusions The epidemic situation of the STDs in Zhuhai city during 2014-2018 presented an overall rising tendency, with obvious regional clustering in urban streets. Corresponding prevention and control measures should be adopted according to the epidemic features of the STDs in Zhuhai city.