2019冠状病毒病研究纪实:至2020年3月11日

2019年12月1日,武汉市出现首例不明原因肺炎病例,2020年1月8日确认病原体为新型冠状病毒,2020年1月31日世界卫生组织(WHO)将病原体暂命名为2019新冠病毒(2019-nCoV),2020年2月8日国家卫健委将该不明原因肺炎命名为新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎,novel coronavirus pneumonia),2020年2月11日,WHO依据规则将新冠肺炎正式命名为2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19),同一天,国际病毒分类委员会将2019新冠病毒正式命名为严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)。2020年3月11日,WHO将新冠疫情流行趋势升级为全球大流行状态。新冠疫情暴发后,国内外研究人员迅速开展流行病学调查、短时间内分离鉴定病毒、开展病原学研究、建立检测方法、完善诊疗方案、探索致病机制、研发药物和疫苗,有效阻止了国内疫情蔓延,也为世界疫情防控赢得了时间窗口。本文拟以时间为轴线,从病原体、病毒宿主、流行病学、检测方法、致病机制和临床诊疗6个方面记述2019冠状病毒病研究的重要进展。

Documentaries on research of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) as of 11 March, 2020

The first pneumonia case with unknown etiology appeared in Wuhan on December 1, 2019, and the pathogen of which was identified as a new species of coronavirus. The World Health Organization (WHO) was tentatively named the virus as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) on January 31, 2020. Then the caused pneumonia was named as novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) by National Health Commission on February 8, 2020, which was changed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) under agreed guidelines of WHO three days later on February 11, 2020. One same day, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses designated the 2019-nCoV as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (2019-nCoV). WHO characterizes COVID-19 as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. After the outbreak of COVID-19, researchers at home and abroad make great efforts in doing epidemiology investigation, establishing detection methods, improving clinical diagnosis and treatment plan, exploring pathogenesis and developing anti-viral drugs and vaccines, effectively preventing the spread of the domestic epidemic and winning time for controlling the epidemic outside China. Based on the axis of time, this documentary article records the important events in research progress of COVID-19 in genomics, virus origins, epidemiology, detection, pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis and treatment.