深圳市宝安区2016—2018年中学生艾滋病知识知晓情况分析

目的 了解深圳市宝安区2016—2018年中学生艾滋病知晓情况,为提高该地区中学生预防艾滋病宣传教育实施效果提供依据。 方法 2016—2018年每年采用多阶段整群抽样的方法抽取深圳市宝安区中学生进行问卷调查,与2011年该地区中学生艾滋病知信行现况调查情况进行比较分析,探讨知晓率变化情况。 结果 共调查5 517名中学生,总体艾滋病防治知晓率为86.30%,本次调查3项相同问题条目(与2011年调查相同的问题条目)的知晓率均显著高于2011年水平(χ²=306.7532~1 273.312,P<0.001)。不同性别、学校性质学生知晓率之间差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.4993、3.5444,P>0.05),不同年级间差异有统计学意义,职高学生知晓率显著低于初、高中学生知晓率(χ²=17.9406,P=0.0001)。多因素分析显示,知晓艾滋病防治知识的比率高、初中学生分别是职高学生的1.855倍和1.978倍,公办学生是民办学生的1.202倍。高中、职高学生中1.67%(29/1 734)发生过性行为,在调查期间近1年内仍有性伴15人中,仅20.00%(3/15)每次都使用安全套。logistic回归分析显示:男性较女性(OR=5.756)、没有接受过防艾宣传服务的学生较接受过相关服务的学生(OR=3.040)发生性行为的比例更高。 结论 2016—2018年深圳市宝安区中学生艾滋病知识知晓率与2011年相比有了大幅提高,但仍低于国家有关要求,需要拓展防艾宣传教育尤其是职高、民办学校学生宣传教育,加大警示性教育力度,提高学生性教育水平。

Awareness of HIV/AIDS related knowledge among middle school studentsin Bao'an district of Shenzhen city, 2016-2018

Objective To understand the awareness of HIV/AIDS related knowledge among middle school students in Bao'an district of Shenzhen city from 2016 to 2018, and to provide evidence for improving the implementation effect of HIV/AIDS publicity and education among middle school students in Bao'an district. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted annually among middle school students annually selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method in Bao'an district of Shenzhen city during 2016-2018. A comparative analysis was madebetween the survey results andthe situation of HIV/AIDS related knowledge, attitude and practice in middle school students in 2011, and the change of the awareness rate was explored. Results A total of 5,517 students were investigated. The overall awareness rate of HIV/AIDS related knowledge among middle school students was 86.30%. The awareness rates of three same items (which were same as the items of the survey in 2011) in this survey were all significantly higher than those in the survey in 2011 (χ²=306.7532-1,273.312, P<0.001). No statistically significant difference was found in the awareness rate between male and female students as well as among students with different types of schools (χ²=0.4993, χ²=3.5444, both P>0.05). The awareness rates in different grades showed statistically significant differences, and the awareness rate was significantly lower in vocational middle school students than in junior and senior middle school students (χ²=17.9401, P=0.0001). Multi-factor analysis showed that the proportions of having HIV/AIDS related knowledge in senior and junior middle school students were 1.855 times and 1.978 times that in vocational middle school students, respectively, and the proportion of having HIV/AIDS related knowledge in public school students was 1.202 times that in private school students. 1.67% (29/1,734) of the students in senior middle schools and vocational middle schools had had sex, and only 20.00% (3/15) of 15 students who had sex in the past year during investigation used condoms every time. Logistic regression analysis showed that male students were more likely to have sex than female students (OR=5.756), and students who had not received HIV/AIDS prevention publicity services were more likely to havesex than those who had received related services (OR=3.040). Conclusions The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS related knowledge in middle school students in Bao'an district of Shenzhen city in 2016-2018 increased significantly as compared with that in 2011, but it was still lower than the relevant requirements of the country. It is therefore necessary to expand HIV/AIDS prevention publicity and education, especially for vocational middle school or private school students, and step up efforts in warning education and improve the level of sex education among students.