山东省潍坊市2016—2019年儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎流行病学分析

目的 分析潍坊市儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎( RMPP) 流行病学特征,为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法 选取2016年 1 月— 2019年12 月潍坊地区9 875例肺炎住院患儿为研究对象,符合肺炎支原体肺炎（MPP）诊断共3 174例,其中普通型MPP 2 850例,RMPP 324例,在入院当天及治疗 7~10 d 采集静脉血,采用ELISA法检测血清特异性 MP 抗体,结合临床表现分析RMPP流行状况。结果 RMPP发生率占MPP的10.21%（324/3 174）,2016—2019年发病率依为7.89%、9.45%、12.01%、11.24%,整体呈逐年上升趋势（P<0.05）;春季、夏季、秋季、冬季RMPP发生率分别为7.53%、10.07%、12.09%和10.58%,除2018年夏季外,余年份秋冬季为RMPP发生率最高季节;男性患儿发生率10.47%,女性患儿发生率9.90%,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,<4岁、4~<7岁和≥7岁患儿RMPP发生率分别为4.60%、13.90%和33.11%,RMPP发生率随着年龄的增大逐渐升高（P<0.01）。结论 2016—2019年潍坊地区RMPP在MPP中的发生率整体呈逐年上升趋势,无明显性别差异,随患儿年龄的增长逐渐升高,秋冬季为RMPP高发季节。

Epidemiological analysis of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children in Weifang,Shandong, 2016-2019

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia ( RMPP) in children in Weifang,so as to provide reference for clinical treatment. Methods Venous blood specimens of 9 875 cases of hospitalized children with pneumonia in Weifang from Jan. 2016 to Dec. 2019 were collected．Among the 3 174 children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) , there were 324 cases of RMPP and 2 850 cases of non-refractory MPP. Venous blood were respectively collected within 24 h after admission and 7 to 10 d after treatment. MP antibody IgG and IgM were detected by ELISA. The prevalence of RMPP was analyzed with the combination of clinical manifestations. Results The incidence of RMPP in MPP was 10.21%（324/3 174）,The incidence rates from 2016 to 2019 were 7.86%,9.45%,12.01% and 11.24% respectively（P<0.05）, which presented an upward trending towards (P<0.01) .The incidence of RMPP was 7.53% in spring,10.07% in summer,12.09% in autumn and 10.58% in winter, the highest incidence of RMPP were autumn and winter, except the summer of 2018. Among them,incidence rate was 10.47% for males and 9.90% for females.The incidence of RMPP in male and female children was approximately the same (P>0.05) ． The incidence of RMPP in children aged < 4 years was 4.60%, 4 to 7 years was 13.90%,and ≥7 years was 33.11%.The incidence of RMPP increased with age (P<0.01). Conclusion From 2016 to 2019, the overall incidence of RMPP is on the rise year by year, the incidence of RMPP in male and female children were approximately the same, and gradually increases with the growth of children's age. Autumn and winterare the seasons with the highest incidence of RMPP.