三峡建坝后血吸虫病传播危险因素研究Ⅲ库区血吸虫病监测方案的研究

目的了解三峡库区血吸虫病传播危险因素,为三峡库区血吸虫病动态监测提供技术方案。方法在三峡库区进行钉螺生存模拟试验,调查库区流动人口、家畜血吸虫病传染源和钉螺输入库区的潜在危险因素,以及建坝后社会经济发展变化对血吸虫病传播的潜在影响因素,找出库区血吸虫病监测的重点。结果钉螺在三峡库区的适宜环境中能够生长繁殖;血吸虫病传染源主要是往返于血吸虫病流行区的流动人口;从血吸虫病疫区引进花草树木和牲畜,存在将钉螺和动物传染源输入库区的可能;库区社会经济发展可使血吸虫病传入的危险增加,三峡库区已成为血吸虫病的潜在流行区。结论三峡库区血吸虫病监测工作重点应是流动人口、引进的牲畜等血吸虫病传染源和钉螺输入因素的监测。

Risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission after Three Gorges construction Ⅲ The monitoring project of schistosomiasis in Three Gorges Reservoir areas

Objective To study the risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission in the Three Gorges Reservoir areas (TGRA) and provide the technique project for dynamic monitoring schistosomiasis in TGRA. Methods The analogue experiment of Oncomelania snail survival was done in TGRA. The potential risk factors of schistosomiasis were investigated and the potential risk factors included the Oncomelania snail imported into TGRA and the imported infection sources of schistosomiasis in the floating population and livestock. The potential infected factors of schistosomiasis transmission were investigated with the change of social-economy development after the dam construction. At last, the emphases of schistosomiasis monitoring were found out. Results Oncomelania snails could survive and breed in the appropriate environment of TGRA. The infection sources of schistosomiasis were mainly the floating population from endemic areas. With the plants and livestock imported, the snails and infection sources of livestock might be imported to TGRA. The social-economy development might increase the risk of schistosomiasis imported. The TGRA has been a potential prevalence area of schistosomiasis. Conclusion The emphases of monitoring schistosomiasis in TGRA should be the infection sources of schistosomiasis such as floating population, imported livestock and the risk factors of importing Oncomelania snails.