安徽省1996～2003年血吸虫病疫情分析

目的　分析当前血吸虫病流行状况 ,为制订防治对策提供依据。　方法　以流行村为单位 ,统计全省疫区1996～ 2 0 0 3年各项疫情指标 ,结合各年度疫情专题调查材料 ,分析全省血吸虫病流行态势和流行特点 ,提出防治对策。结果　 1996～ 2 0 0 3年 ,全省人群与耕牛感染率下降 5 3 .9%和 5 9.6% ;疫区人群年均急感发病率呈波动状态 ,波幅 1.8/ 10万～ 5 .0 / 10万 ;全省螺情仍呈上升态势 ,钉螺面积净增 8.10km2 。　结论　安徽省血吸虫病疫情主要表现为 :以青少年成批急性感染为主的突发疫情 ,钉螺面积扩大与螺密度增加 ,未控制流行区人畜重复感染严重 ,内陆流行乡村疫情回升等。因此 ,做好区域性防治规划 ,控制人群的感染与发病 ,加强钉螺的监测与控制措施 ,是当前全省血吸虫病防治策略的主要内容。

ANALYSIS ON SCHISTOSOMIASIS EPIDEMIC SITUATION IN ANHUI PROVINCE FROM 1996 TO 2003

Objective To analyze the present epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province and provide basis for adjusting schistosomiasis control strategy. Methods With the unit of epidemic village,the data of epidemic situation in the whole Province from 1996 to 2003 was collected for statistic each epidemiological index,and epidemic situation and characteristics of shistosomiasis were analyzed. Results From 1996 to 2003,the infection rate in human population and cattle reduced by 53.9% and 59.6%,respectively. The average annual incidence of acute schistosomiasis fluctuated between 1.8/100 000 and 5.0/100 000,but the area of snail habitats increased by 8.10 km 2 ,the snail situation of whole Province had risen. Conclusion In Anhui Province,the characteristics of schistomiasis epidemic showed that the outbreak of acute schistosomiasis often occured in the callan,the area and density of snail hosts increased,the reinfection of human and farm animal in uncontrolled area was serious,the endemic situation of in prevalent villages had risen. So the main of the present control strategy is to make the control programe classified by areas,to prevent and cure diseases,to strengthen snail surveillance and control,etc.