乡村医生对基本公共卫生服务项目认知及现状评价的实证研究

目的：了解乡村医生对基本公共卫生服务项目的认知、实施现状的评价,分析存在问题,为项目在农村地区的可持续发展提供对策建议。方法根据经济状况分类,随机抽取3个乡镇作为样本点,采用定性与定量相结合的研究方法,利用乡村医生培训期间,整群抽取300名乡村医生作为调查对象进行问卷调查,并选取乡村医生进行定性访谈。主要调查村卫生室人力资源状况,乡村医生对基本公共卫生服务认知、培训及对项目评价等。结果乡村医生平均年龄44.02±11.02岁,大专及以下学历占98.2%。村医基本公共卫生服务认知平均分57.48±18.95,合格率40.8%；不同经济状况乡镇的乡村医生基本公共卫生服务相关知识得分差异有统计学意义(F =6.40,P =0.002)；乡村医生评价为好的项目是“预防接种、高血压患者及2型糖尿病患者健康管理服务”。被调查的3个乡镇的乡村医生对高血压患者和重型精神病患者管理服务、传染病报告和处理服务的评价差异有统计学意义(χ21=11.54,χ22=8.17,χ23=9.30)。84.4%的乡村医生参加过项目培训,对培训满意率为51.0%。结论乡村医生对项目认知得分较低,培训效果不理想；应对评价较低的项目及存在问题进行有针对性的改进。

Empirical Research on Cognition and Evaluationof the Current Situation of Basic Public Health among Village Doctors

Objectives To analysis the cognition and evaluation of basic public health services among Jining village doctors,and advance the development of rural basic public health services.Methods According to the multi-stage sampling method,three villages and towns were selected.Combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was a-dopted to investigate 300 village doctors with questionnaire and interview.Results The average age of rural doctors was 44.02(1 1.02),and doctors under college degree accounted for 98.2%.The average Score was 57.48 ± 18.95, and the pass rate of 40.8% about cognition on basic public health service.There was statistical significance of village doctors’knowledge scores among different economic status township(F =6.40,P =0.002);Vaccination,health man-agement service for hypertension and type 2 diabetes were good project ranked by the rural doctors.There was sta- tistically difference of evaluation on management of hypertension patients with severe mental illness and infectious disease reporting and management among 3 Township village doctors(χ21 = 1 1.54,χ22 =8.1 7,χ23 =9.30).84.4% of village doctors attended training for basic public health services,and 5 1.0% village doctor satisfied with the effect.Conclusions The projects cognitive scores of village doctors were low and the effect of training was not ideal;the lower response evaluation of the project and the existing problems were targeted to improve.