A longitudinal investigation into the progression of dynamic postural stability performance in adolescents |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland;2. Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland;1. Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA;2. Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 8700, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;1. University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States;2. Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga-ken, Japan;3. Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States;4. University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States;1. GRAME, Faculté de médecine, Département de kinésiologie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada;2. Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Centre d’excellence sur le vieillissement de Québec, Québec, Canada;3. Faculté des sciences de la santé et des services communautaires, École de Kinésiologie et Récréologie, Université de Moncton, Moncton, Nouveau-Brunswick, Canada;1. Physiotherapy Department, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil;2. Center for Health Science Research, Laboratory of Functional Evaluation and Human Motor Performance (LAFUP), North Paraná University (UNOPAR), Londrina, PR, Brazil;3. Doctoral and Masters Program in Rehabilitation Sciences UEL/UNOPAR, Londrina, PR, Brazil;4. Center of Physical Education and Sport, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Adolescent female athletes have a higher incidence of certain non-contact lower limb injuries compared to their male counterparts. Decreased postural stability is an established risk factor for lower limb injuries; however developmental-related sex differences in postural stability during adolescence have not been investigated. The objectives of this study were to longitudinally examine changes over time, and potential sex differences in dynamic postural stability performance in adolescents. One hundred and eighty four adolescent athletes participated (mean age = 13 ± 0.34 years). Participants were assessed, using the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) at baseline (T1) and at 6 (T2), 12 (T3), 18 (T4) and 24 (T5) months. At each time-point, participants performed 3 trials of the anterior, posterior-medial and posterior-lateral directions of the SEBT on each limb. Reach distance for each direction was averaged across the 3 trials normalised to leg length. General linear mixed model analyses were carried out on each of the dependant variables (reach directions) with sex and time as the categorical independent variables. There was a significant sex × time interaction for the posterior-lateral reach distance scores. There were no significant sex × time interactions for any of the other reach directions. Males increased performance on the posterior-lateral reach direction from T1 to T5, while females only increased performance until T3. Young males and females demonstrate diverging postural stability profiles during adolescence. |
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| Keywords: | Adolescence Sex differences Postural balance |
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