健康教育对流浪精神分裂症患者康复的作用

目的探讨健康教育对流浪精神分裂症患者的影响,以促进救治工作的更好开展。方法选取住院患者共100例,分为干预组与对照组各50例,两组均接受精神科常规治疗和护理,干预组在此基础上实施健康教育和康复训练。分别在干预前、干预12周末、干预24周末采用简明精神病量表(BPRS)、自知力与治疗态度问卷(ITAQ)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)、服药依从性量表进行评定,比较分析两组的评分。结果干预后两组BPRS总分及各因子分均较干预前显著下降(P<0.01),干预后干预组在12周末总分和焦虑抑郁、缺乏活力、敌对猜疑三个因子分分别为53.14±6.73、9.31±3.55、10.53±4.07、6.53±2.55,均显著低于对照组的69.06±7.87、12.04±3.43、13.84±4.97、9.24±3.22(P<0.01),在思维障碍和激活性两个因子分没有显著性差异(P>0.05);干预后干预组ADL评分总分和各因子分在12周末、24周末均较干预前显著下降(P<0.01),而对照组没有显著性差异(P>0.05),干预后两组间比较,有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论健康教育能明显提高流浪精神分裂症患者的社会功能和社会适应能力。

Effect of Health Education on the Rehabilitation of Homeless Patients with Schizophrenia

Objective To explore the influence of health education on the homeless patients with schizophrenia, in order to promote better work of treatment. Methods 100 hospitalized homeless patients were selected and divided into the intervention group and control group, with 50 cases in each group. Both groups received the routine therapy and nursing of psychiatric department, in addition, patients in the intervention group received health education and rehabilitation training. Before intervention, at the end of 12 weeks and 24 weeks of intervention, brief psychiatric rating scale （BPRS）, insight and treatment attitude questionnaire （ITAQ）, activities of daily living scale （ADL） and medication adherence scale were used to compare between two groups. Results After intervention, the total score and each score of BPRS of both groups decreased significantly （P〈0.01）;The total score, score of anxiety depression, score of lack of energy and score of hostile suspicion of intervention group after intervention were 53.14 ± 6.73, 9.31 ± 3.55, 10.53 ± 4.07 and 6.53 ± 2.55 respectively, significantly lower than 69.06±7.87, 12.04±3.43, 13.84±4.97, 9.24±3.22 of control group after intervention correspondingly （P〈0.01）;There were no statistical differences in the score of thought disorder and score of activation after intervention between two groups （P〉0.05）. The total score and each score of ADL of intervention group decreased significantly at the end of 12 weeks and 24 weeks of intervention （P〈0.01）, but in control group, there were no statistical differences compared with those before intervention;There were statistical differences between two groups after intervention （P 〈0.01）. Conclusions Health education can significantly improve the social function and social adaptation ability of homeless patients with schizophrenia.