迷迭香的化学成分及其药理作用研究进展

迷迭香是一种常见的灌木状芳香植物,在传统美食和民间医学中被广泛应用。目前,大多数研究工作集中在迷迭香精油,乙醇和水提取物上,其不仅在食品防腐、保鲜以及调料中扮演重要角色,而且常用于改善痤疮、头皮屑,改善循环功能,缓解肌肉疼痛、疲劳,治疗哮喘、支气管炎等,具有较高的应用价值,同时还具备多种其他药理作用。但历版《中国药典》当中尚未收录迷迭香,无其药用的质量评价标准,其上市产品或许在使用过程中会产生某些安全隐患。因此,充分了解迷迭香的化学成分及药理作用,对全面掌握迷迭香的性质及应用至关重要。通过对国内外相关文献进行整理以及分析,总结出迷迭香具有抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗氧化、消炎、抗抑郁症等药理作用;从迷迭香中提取分离得到的化学成分丰富有酸酚类、黄酮类、萜类与精油类等。目前为止,还没有关于迷迭香化学成分及其药理作用的系统全面研究报道,该文对迷迭香的化学成分及其药理作用研究进展进行阐述,并讨论其应用,期望为将来迷迭香在食品发展、药物研发和临床应用研究等方面奠定基础。

Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Rosmarini Officinalis Herba

Rosmarini Officinalis Herba is a common shrubby aromatic plant, which is widely used in traditional food and folk medicine. At present, most of relevant researches focus on rosemary''s essential oil, ethanol and water extract, which not only plays an important role in food preservation, preservation and condiments, but also is often used to improve acne, dandruff, circulation function, alleviate muscle pain and fatigue and treat asthma, bronchitis. It has a high application value, and a variety of other pharmacological effects. However, Rosmarini Officinalis Herba has not been included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, with no quality evaluation standard for its medicinal use. The products in the market may have some potential safety hazards in the use process. Therefore, the full understanding of the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of rosemary is crucial for a comprehensive study of the properties and applications of Rosmarini Officinalis Herba. Through the collation and analysis of relevant literatures at home and abroad, it is concluded that Rosmarini Officinalis Herba has anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, anti-depression and other pharmacological effects. The chemical constituents extracted from Rosmarini Officinalis Herba are rich in acid phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids and essential oils. Up to now, there are no systematic and comprehensive report on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Rosmarini Officinalis Herba. This paper reviews the progress of the researches on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Rosmarini Officinalis Herba, and discusses its application, in the expectation to lay a foundation for the future research on food development, drug research and clinical application of rosemary.