江苏省医用X射线诊断应用频度调查

目的对江苏省医疗机构2016年度医用X射线诊断应用频度开展调查,研究并估算江苏省2016年医疗照射水平的分布和发展趋势,为有效加强医疗照射防护奠定良好基础。方法采用普查方式调查省内所有医用X射线诊断机构的基本情况,采取随机抽样抽取31家医疗机构开展医用X射线诊断应用频度调查,调查2016年全部医用X射线诊断活动,根据医院住院人数、门急诊人数、医院工作人员总数和医用X射线诊断人次数建立线性模型估算2016年全省医用X射线诊断应用频度。结果截至2016年底,江苏省医用X射线诊断设备共计9 248台,其中CT 1 110台;2016年医用X射线诊断应用频度为911.45人次/千人口,其中CT 239.25人次/千人口。与1999年比较,医用X射线诊断设备数增加0.8倍,其中CT数量增长3.6倍;医用X射线诊断应用频度增长3.2倍,其中CT诊断应用频度增长15.1倍。结论江苏省医用X射线诊断应用频度相当于联合国原子辐射与效应委员会(UNSCEAR)2008报告中全球年平均数的1.9倍,与部分欧洲发达国家数据比较接近。与2015年的调查比较,本次研究在样本医院及设备选择、频度估算方法、与全省医疗照射应用频度相关的影响因素调查数据获取等方面有较大完善,医用X射线诊断应用频度估算结果更接近实际水平。今后仍然需要完善调查方案,进一步开展医疗照射水平研究,为加强患者(受检者)防护提供了基础资料。

Survey on frequency of medical X-ray diagnosis in Jiangsu province

Objective To survey the frequency of medical X-ray diagnosis and estimate the medical exposure levels of Jiangsu province in 2016, so as to be able to improve effectively the protection against medical radiation exposure. Methods All medical institutions in the province were covered in the survey for their basic medical information by means of census method. Frequencies of diagnostic medical X-ray examination were studied using random sampling method in 31 medical institutions. A linear model was established by number of outpatients number of inpatients, number of staff and number of radiation workers to evaluate the medical examination frequency. Results A total of 9 248 pieces of medical X-ray diagnostic equipment by the end of 2016 in Jiangsu province, including 1 110 CT scanners. The total frequencies of diagnostic medical X-ray examination were estimated to be 911.45 examinations per 1 000 population, covering 239.25 per 1 000 for CT scanning. The number of medical X-ray diagnostic equipment increased by a factor of 0.8 while CT scanners by a factor of 3.6 compared to 1999. Medical X-ray diagnostic frequency raised by a factor of 3.2 while CT frequency by a factor of 15.1 compared with previous data. Conclusions The medical X-ray diagnostic frequencies in Jiangsu province was 1.9 times the value given in the UNSCEAR 2008 Report, close to those in some developed European countries. Compared with the study in 2015, the present study has made greater improvement in sampling technique for selection of hospitals and equipment, frequency estimation method and acquisition of influence factors. Estimates of medical X-ray diagnosis frequency are closer to actual level. Further improvement will be needed for the future survey, so as to further study medical exposure levels and to provide basic information for better patient protection.