武汉地区2007年居民乙型肝炎血清流行病学调查

目的深入探讨武汉市乙型肝炎（简称乙肝）的危险因素及流行状况。方法采用分层随机抽样方法，调查1—59岁3202人并采集血液样本。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测样本的HBsAg和HBsAb。结果人群总阳性率为5．65％，其中农村地区1287人，HBsAg阳性率为6．61％（85人），中心城区1915人，HBsAg阳性率为5．01％（96人）（X^2=3．66，P〉0．05）；乙肝疫苗接种对HBsAg阳性率和HBsAb阳性率有显著影响。人群HBsAb总阳性率为60．63％，15岁以下者与15岁以上人群中HBsAb阳性率有显著性差异（X^2=18．75，P〈0．05）。结论人群HBsAg阳性率有明显城乡差异。接种乙肝疫苗是预防乙肝最有效的途径。武汉市实施的乙肝疫苗免疫策略在控制乙肝流行，降低HBsAg阳性率方面取得了较好成绩。

Seroepidemiology study on hepatitis B among Wuhan resident in 2007

Objective To get the information of the risk factors and epidemiology of HB. Methods 3 202 people between 1 to 59 years of age were selected for a questionare investigation with the stratified randomization sampling method, their blood were collected at the same time and tested for HBsAg and HBsAb by ELISA. Results The number of HBsAg positive were 181 （5.65%）, in which 6. 61% （85/1 287） in suburb and 5.01% （96/1 951 ） in urban, respectively （X^2 =3.66,P 〈 0.05）. The HBsAb positive rate for the whole population was 60. 63%, the group under 15 years old was higher than those above 15 （X^2 = 18.75 ,P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Our study indicated that the infection rate of HBV was significantly different between urban and suburb area. Vaccination was the best way of controlling the infection of HBV. Our data clearly indicated that the strategy for hepatitis B vaccine immunization implemented was very effective and successful in the control of hepatitis B infection.