Anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities of the wild edible cruciferous: Diplotaxis simplex |
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| Authors: | Hamida Jdir Bassem Khemakham Hanen Najjaa Mouna Chakroun Mourad Jridi Abdelkarim Ben Arfa |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Lipases and Biochemistry, Engineering National School of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia;2. Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia;3. Laboratory of Pastoral Ecology, Arid Lands Institute, Medenine, Tunisia;4. Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, ENIS, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia |
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| Abstract: | Context The present study deals with new biological properties of the wild edible Diplotaxis simplex (Viv.) Spreng (Brassicaceae).Objectives The current study evaluates the antioxidant, the anti-inflammatory and the anti-cancer properties of ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts from D. simplex flowers.Materials and methods The anti-proliferative activity of the extracts (10–70?μg/mL) was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) against human colon cancer cell line Caco-2. The anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated by the inhibitory effect of the extracts (1.5–7.5?mg/mL) on phospholipase A2 activity as well as on carrageenan-induced paw oedema in mice. Extracts (200?mg/kg) or indomethacin (50?mg/kg) as positive control were injected intraperitoneally for albino mice prior to the induction of the oedema by carrageenan. Antioxidant activities were investigated using various complementary methods.Results Flower extracts contained a high level of polyphenolics (17.10–52.70?mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (74.20–100.60?mg QE/g), which correlate with its appreciable antioxidant potential in β-carotene peroxidation (IC50 value: 12.50–27.10?μg/mL), DPPH? radical-scavenging (IC50 value: 0.20–0.40?mg/mL), Fe3+?reducing (EC50 value: 0.10–0.14?mg/mL) and Fe2+?chelating (IC50 value: 0.20–0.60?mg/mL) assays. These extracts were effective in inhibiting cancer cell growth (IC50 value: 62.0–63.25?μg/mL). Besides, the ethyl acetate extract inhibited phospholipase A2 activity (IC50 value: 2.97?mg/mL) and reduced the paw oedema in mice (from 0.38?±?0.01 to 0.24?±?0.01?cm), 4?h post-carrageenan challenge.Conclusion These data suggest that D. simplex may be useful as a candidate in the treatment of inflammation and the colon cancer. |
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| Keywords: | Anticancer effect anti-oedema activity antioxidant activities caco-2 cells |
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