周围神经创伤中S-100蛋白与雪旺细胞活化关系

目的探讨周围神经创伤变性中雪旺细胞S-100蛋白的生理作用.方法将74只SD大鼠随机分为12组.1个正常空白组(8只),11个实验组(66只).每只实验组大鼠双后肢再随机分为试验肢(构成试验组)和对照肢(构成对照组).分别于术后1小时、6小时、12小时、24小时、2天、3天、4天、8天、14天、21天、30天共11个时相点,切取坐骨神经中下段标本.检测各组神经纤维形态学改变,雪旺细胞S-100表达水平变化.结果试验组显示华勒氏变性,雪旺细胞数在24小时后下降,3～4天后罕见,8天开始增加,14天形成Bungner带.各组S-100普遍低水平表达.与正常空白组相比,对照组变化无统计学显著性意义(P＞0.05),试验组术后1小时、21天变化有统计学显著性意义(P＜0.05).结论在周围神经创伤变性中,S-100与雪旺细胞的应急反应、增殖重建有关,反映雪旺细胞的功能活化状态.

The relationship between S-100 protein and functional activation of Schwann cell in peripheral nerve trauma

Objective To investigate the function of S-100 in Schwann cell during peripheral nerve traumatic degeneration. Methods Ninety-five SD rats were divided randomly into one normal group (8 rats) and 11 experimental groups (66 rats). Both hind-legs of each rat in experimental groups were randomly divided into test leg (with sciatic nerve transected) and control one (nerve uninjured). All test legs constituted a test group and all control legs constituted a control one. After operation, all rats were respectively sacrificed at 1 hour, 6 hour, 12 hour, 24 hour, 2 day, 3 day, 4 day, 8 day, 14 day, 21 day and 30 day. We analyzed the specimens of mid distal sciatic nerve, especially the morphological changes of the nerve, and the different expression levels of S-100 protein in Schwann cell. Results The test group showed Wallerian degeneration. The number of Schwann cell began to decrease at 24 hour, surprisingly be rare at day 3 and 4, then began to increase from day 8 and formed Bungner belt after 14 days. Schwann cell generally expressed S-100 at low level in all groups. The control group was not significantly different from the normal group; There existed statistical significance at 1 hour and day 21 in test group. Conclusion S-100 protein plays an important role in Schwann cell's reaction to peripheral nerve injury, especially in Schwann cell proliferation and the nerve regeneration. And it also reflects the functional activity of Schwann cell.