心理干预对不同民族哮喘患者情绪及肺功能的影响

目的比较心理干预对壮、汉族哮喘患者的情绪及肺功能的影响。方法将97例壮族哮喘患者、83例汉族哮喘患者均随机分为干预组和对照组，进行常规治疗，干预组同时实施心理干预。治疗前后各组均采用自评抑郁量表（SDS）及状态-特质焦虑问卷（STAI）进行心理测试并测量一秒用力呼出量FEV，和呼气峰流速PEF。结果壮族患者抑郁、焦虑显著高于汉族患者；壮、汉族哮喘患者干预组治疗后的抑郁、状态焦虑均有所降低，FEV1及PEF升高（P=0．000）。对照组抑郁、状态焦虑及特质焦虑治疗前后无统计学差异，FEV1、PEF治疗后升高，差异有显著意义；壮族哮喘患者干预组抑郁、状态焦虑治疗前后的差值高于汉族哮喘患者干预组（P=0．000），FEV1、PEF差值差异无显著意义。结论心理干预能有效地改善壮族哮喘患者的情绪及肺功能，其效果优于汉族哮喘患者。

Psychological status and psychological intervention effect of Zhuang and Han ethnic asthmatic patients

Objective To compare the influence of psychological intervention to emotional status and pulmonary function between Zhuang and Han ethnic asthmatic patients. Methods 97 cases of Zhuang ethnic asthmatic patients and 83 cases of Han ethnic asthmatic patients were randomly divided into intervention group and control group. Both were given routine therapy while the intervention group was given psychological intervention. Psychological status measured by means of Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory （STAI） , forced expired volume in a second （FEV1） and peak expired flow rate （PEF） were determined before and after therapy in all groups. Results Depression and anxiety of Zhuang ethnic asthmatic patients were significantly higher than that of Han ethnic asthmatic patients; After therapy depression and state anxiety were lessened, FEV1 and PEF were increased in intervention groups （P =0. 000）. No significant differences were found in depression, state anxiety and trait anxiety. FEV1 and PEF obviously decreased in control group of Zhuang and Han ethnic asthmatic patients ; The pre-therapy and post-therapy depression and state anxiety differences in Zhuang ethnic intervention group were significantly higher than that in Han ethnic intervention group （P = 0. 000） , however, no significant differences were found in FEVI and PEF. Conclusion The effect from psychological intervention on Zhang ethnic asthmatic patients was better than Han ethnic asthmatic patients.