中国男性不育的重要遗传病因:染色体异常与Y染色体AZFc区DAZ基因拷贝缺失

目的:探讨染色体的结构与数目异常,以及位于Y染色体无精子症因子C区(azoospermiafactorC,AZFc)中无精子症缺失基因家族(deleted-in-azoospermia,DAZ)基因拷贝缺失与男性不育的关系。方法:运用染色体G显带、多重PCR与PCR-RFLP检测技术,对210例已生育男性、247例无精子症与206例严重少精子症患者Y染色体AZF区结构进行分析,并对453例患者进行外周血染色体检查。结果:在无精子症与严重少精子症患者中染色体数目与结构异常发生率分别为12.6%与8.3%。所有已生育男性中未检出DAZ基因全部或部分拷贝缺失,而在无精子症与严重少精子症患者中4个DAZ基因拷贝缺失率分别为7.7%和11.2%,DAZ1/DAZ2共缺失率分别为7.3%和4.9%。结论:在中国男性无精子症与严重少精子症患者中存在较高频率的染色体结构/数目异常与DAZ基因拷贝缺失现象,提示染色体结构/数目异常与Y染色体AZFc区DAZ基因拷贝缺失可能是中国男性不育的重要遗传病因。

Important Genetic Etiology of Infertile Chinese Males: Chromosome Abnormality and Deletion of DAZ Gene Copy in the AZFc Region of Y Chromosome

Objective: To investigate the correlation of male infertility with abnormality of chromosomal quantity and construction and with the deletion of DAZ gene copy in the AZFc region of Y chromosome.Methods: Included in the study were 247 azoospermic and 206 severe oligozoospermic patients, as well as 210 fertile men as controls. Multi-PCR and PCR-RFLP were used to analyze the deletion of DAZ gene copies in the AZFc region of Y chromosome. Chromosomal quantity and construction were detected by G-band in the 453 patients.Results: In the azoospermic and severe oligozoospermic patients, the incidences of chromosomal abnormality were (12.6)% and (8.3)%; the rates of complete DAZ deletion were (7.7)% and (11.2)%, and the rates of DAZ1/DAZ2 deletion were (7.3)% and (4.9)% respectively, but no deletion was detected in the controls.Conclusion: There is a high frequency of chromosomal abnormality and DAZ gene copy deletion in patients with azoospermia and oligospermia, which suggests that chromosomal abnormality and partial and complete deletion of DAZ gene copy might be important genetic causes of Chinese male infertility.