成长环境和儿童期创伤对大学生情绪问题和躯体症状影响的研究

目的探究成长环境的城市化水平、儿童期忽视、躯体虐待和缺乏父母陪伴对大学生情绪问题和躯体症状的影响。方法纳入某综合性大学4620名二年级本科生进行问卷调查。以6条目Kessler心理痛苦量表(the 6-item Kessler psychological distress scale,K6)和患者健康问卷躯体症状群量表(patient health questionnaire-15,PHQ-15)分别评估情绪问题和躯体症状;以自编问卷调查出生地城市化水平及15岁前主要居住地变更情况;以改编自世界精神卫生复合式国际诊断检查(the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview,WMH-CIDI)儿童期部分的5条目被抚养人忽视问卷和1项被殴打条目回顾性评估16岁前忽视及躯体虐待情况;以自编问卷调查儿童期缺乏父和(或)母陪伴的经历。结果广义线性模型多因素回归分析显示,情绪问题的影响因素有女性(β=0.894,P0.001)、农村成长(β=0.378,P=0.001)、儿童期忽视(β=0.279,P0.001)和儿童期躯体虐待(β=0.550,P0.001)。躯体症状的影响因素有女性(β=2.638,P0.001)、农村成长(β=0.395,P=0.015)、儿童期忽视(β=0.487,P0.001)和儿童期躯体虐待(β=0.483,P=0.005)。情绪问题和躯体症状之间呈正相关(r=0.545,P0.001)。结论女性、农村成长、儿童期逆境经历可增加大学生情绪问题、躯体症状的症状数目和严重程度。大学生的情绪问题和躯体症状在严重程度上呈正相关。

The influence of rural living and childhood trauma on the psychological distress and somatic symptom of undergraduates in China

Objective To explore the influence of urbanicity of birth place,upbringing place,gender,childhood neglect,physical abuse and lack of parental accompaniment on the psychological distress and somatic symptom of university students in China.Methods Four thousand six hundred and twenty second-year undergraduates of a comprehensive university in Sichuan Province were surveyed using the 6-item Kessler psychological distress (K6) scale,patient health questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15),a questionnaire adapted from the childhood section of the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview(WMH-CIDI) for childhood neglect and physical abuse and a self-designed questionnaire for lack of parental accompany in childhood.Generalized linear model (GLM) with gamma family was used for the multivariate regression analyses.Results Female (β=0.894,P＜0.001),rural upbinging (β=0.378,P＜0.010),childhood neglect (β=0.279,P＜0.001) and childhood physical abuse (β=0.550,P＜0.001) were associated with psychological distress.Female (β=2.638,P＜0.001),rural upbinging (β=0.395,P=0.015),childhood neglect (β=0.487,P＜0.010) and childhood physical abuse (β=0.483,P＜0.001) were associated with somatic symptom.And psychological distress was positively correlated with somatic symptom (r=0.545,P＜0.001).Conclusions Rural living,female,childhood adversities are prone to increase the severity of both psychological distress and somatic symptom of university students in China.Psychological distress and somatic symptom are positively correlated in aspect of severity.