两种乙型脑炎疫苗的免疫效果观察

将 319名受隐性感染机会较少的 5～ 18月龄的婴幼儿分为两组 ,分别接种乙型脑炎 (乙脑 )灭活疫苗和减毒活疫苗。经间接免疫荧光法检测其血清抗体发现 ,免疫前血清抗体仅有 3.76%阳性。基础免疫后 ,两种疫苗的抗体阳性率分别增加至 59.56%和 56.0 8% ,但尚不能达到保护性水平。 1年后加强注射 1针 ,1个月后阳性率分别增加至 94 .62 %和 98.2 1% ,GMT也明显增加 ,半年后 ,阳性率改变为 72 .34 %和 94 .74 %。减毒活疫苗在加强免疫后的免疫效果及持久性明显高于灭活疫苗。根据观察结果认为 ,乙脑灭活疫苗免疫 ,应基础免疫两针 ,间隔 7～ 10天 ,第二年加强免疫1针之后 ,间隔 1年再加强 1针。减毒活疫苗基础免疫 1针 ,第二年加强 1针 ,经 4～ 5年后再加强注射。由于减毒活疫苗高的免疫效果 ,较少的接种次数以及较高的安全性 ,适宜于广大地区推广应用。

Analysis on the Immuno-Eff ects of Two Diff erent Japanese Encephalit is Virus Vacc ines

infants aged 5- 18months were divided in to 2 groups and immunized with Japanese encephalitis virus inactivated vaccine and live attenuated vaccine respectively.Under the detection of serum antibody,a 3.76% serum antibody positive rate was revealed before the immu- nization.However,after the basic immunization the serum positive rates of the two vaccines reached 59.56% and 56.0 8% respectively but still under the protective level.The infants were then given booster injection one year later.The serum positive rates reached 94 .62 % and 98.2 1% respectively 1month later.When six months after the booster immunization,the positive rates were72 .34 % and94 .74 % respectively.According to the result,the following immunization order was recom- mend.For inactivated vaccine:2 injections are given with an interval of7- 10 days for basic immu- nization and booster immunization be given in the second and third years.For live attenuated vac- cine:one injection is given for basic immunization then booster dose be given in the second year and 4 - 5years later.