不同强度体力活动与代谢综合征现况调查分析

目的分析体力活动强度、活动时间与代谢综合征的关系。方法中国居民2002年营养与健康调查目标总体为31个省、自治区、直辖市,采取多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法。调查于2002年开展,包括询问调查、医学体检、实验室检查和膳食调查。50494人完成体力活动调查同时测定快速空腹血糖或餐后2h血糖、体重指数、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯。依据Gang及美国CDC成人运动建议对体力活动分级并对活动时间分组。结果调整性别、年龄、吸烟、饮酒影响后,体力活动分级高者和低者相比可减少60％代谢综合征的发生率（95％CI：0．362—0．443）。中等强度体力活动151—300min／周比90—150min／周者代谢综合征的危险轻微降低（OR=0．935,95％CI：0．685—1．277）,活动超过300min／周时代谢综合征的危险反而升高（OR=1．269,95％CI：0．923～1．745）。低强度体力活动301～420min／周比90～150min／周者能减少35％代谢综合征的发生（95％CI：0．451—0．933）,超过420min／周时代谢综合征的危险性降低,差异无统计学意义（OR=0．871,95％CI：0．643～1．181）。高强度体力活动150min以上／周比10～60min／周能减少25％代谢综合征发生（95％CI：0．603～0．951）。结论低强度体力活动每周运动时间达到301～420min,中等强度体力活动90～300min,高强度体力活动每周150min以上均有助于降低代谢综合征的发生危险。

Relationship between physical activity and metabolic syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between physical activity and metabolic syndrome (MS). METHODS: A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was conducted in 132 sampling 218,920 residents, aged 44.3 +/- 15.3 (15 - 96), in the 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities of the mainland China according to the program of the National Nutrition and Health Survey. Questionnaire survey, interview, physical examination, measurement of biochemical indices, and dietary investigation were done. Information of physical activity and measurement of fasting glucose and/or glucose 2 hours after meal, blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were obtained in 50,494 participants. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the Chinese Medical Association's definition. The intensity of physical activity was divided into 3 categories according to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of US/American College of Sports Medicine criteria. RESULTS: 50,495 subjects, 23,932 males (47.4%) and 26,562 females (52.6%), were diagnosed as with MS. The MS incidence of those with high intensity of physical activity was lower by 60% in comparison with those with low intensity of physical activity (odds ratio 0.60, 95% CI: 0.362 - 0.443) adjusted for age, sex, smoking, and alcohol intake. The risk of MS in those with moderate intensity of physical activity of 151 - 300 minutes/week was slightly decreased compared to those with moderate intensity of physical activity of 90 - 150 minutes/week, (odds ratio 0.935, 95% CI: 0.685 - 1.277), however, the risk of MS in those with the moderate intensity of physical activity over 300 minutes/week increased slightly (OR = 1.269, 95% CI: 0.923 - 1.745). The risk of MS in those with low-level physical activity of 301 - 420 minutes/week was lower by 35% in comparison with those with the low-level physical activity of 90 - 150 minutes/week (95% CI: 0.451 - 0.933), however, the risk of MS in those with the low-level physical activity over 420 minutes/week was 0.871, not significantly different from that of the subjects with the low-level physical activity of other intensity (odd ratio = 0.871, 95% CI: 0.643 - 1.181). The risk of MS of those with the vigorous physical activity odds rations for having MS of vigorous activity over 150 minutes/week was 0.757, lower by 25% in comparison with those with the vigorous physical activity of 10 - 60 minutes/week (95% CI: 0.603 - 0.951), adjusted for sex, age, smoking, alcohol intake and BMI. CONCLUSION: MS risk can be decreased by low level physical activity of 300 - 420 minutes/week, moderate physical activity of 90 - 300 minutes/week and vigorous physical activity of over 150 minutes/week.