苯扎氯铵溶液一次性用于感染腹腔冲洗的可行性研究

目的:苯扎氯铵溶液应用于腹腔感染的一次性冲洗,观察其抗菌作用和安全性.方法:对铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、白色念珠菌和黑曲霉菌的体外抑菌效果,以及SD大鼠和比格犬两种受试动物进行两个浓度苯扎氯铵溶液腹腔一次性冲洗后的安全性评价.体外抑菌试验采用二倍液体稀释法将0.1％原液做15个稀释级,检测其对各菌种的最小抑菌浓度.安全性研究分为对照组,模型组以及0.005％和0.01％两个浓度的给药组;给药途径为一次性腹腔冲洗;大鼠给药体积为180 mL/kg体重;比格犬给药体积为53.33 mL/kg体重;给药后观察受试动物的一般行为表现;第8天检查腹腔内各器官的大体变化,并进行血常规检查以及取肝、脾、肠和腹膜等脏器标本做病理切片检查.结果:苯扎氯铵溶液对铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、白色念珠菌和黑曲霉菌的体外最小抑菌浓度分别为(6.25×10-3)％、(3.12×10-3)％、(9.76×10-5)％、(9.76×10-s)％、(3.91×10-4)％和(6.25×10-3)％;受试动物在手术后一周行为表现未见异常,腹腔各脏器没有明显肉眼可见毒性反应,血常规指标没有明显异常,肝、脾、肠和腹膜等脏器未见明显组织学变化.结论:苯扎氯铵溶液对铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、白色念珠菌和黑曲霉菌均有较强的体外抑菌效果;按SD大鼠180 mL/kg和比格犬53.33 mL/kg一次性给予0.01％以下浓度(含0.01％)的苯扎氯铵溶液腹腔冲洗是安全的.说明本溶液一次性用于感染腹腔冲洗具有可行性.

Benzalkonium chloride solution feasibility research on infected abdo- men for disposable peritoneal irrigation

AIM： To observe the antibiosis effects and safety that Benzalkonium chloride （BAC） solution be used in infected abdomen for disposable irrigation. METHODS： To evaluate the antibiosis effects of BAC solution on Pseudo- monas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylo- coccus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albi- cans and Aspergillus niger in vitro and the safety for SD （Sprague Dawley） rats and beagle dogs after obtaining two concentrations of BAC solu- tion by disposable peritoneal irrigation. The minimum inhibitory concentrations （MICs） of BAC solution on the cultures were observed by liquid double dilution method that 0.1 %original solution was diluted into 15 levels in vitro anti- biosis research. The animals were divided into control group, model group and two administra- tion groups which concentrations were 0. 005% and 0.01% in the safety research; the route of administration was disposable peritoneal irriga- tion; irrigating volume was 180 mL/kg body weight for rats and 53. 33 mL/kg body weight for dogs; observe the animals＇ general behavior after the administration, on the eighth day, in- spect the general changes of abdominal cavity and the organs in it, then draw blood to detect indexes of blood routine and the histopathology changes of liver, spleen, intestine and peritone-um. RESULTS： The MICs of BAC solution on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Candi- da albicans and Aspergillusniger were separately （6.25 × 10 -3）%、 （3.12 × 10 -3）%. （9.76 ×10 -5）%.（9.76×10 -5）%.（3.91×10 -4）% and （6.25×10 -3）%. During a week after irrigation, there was no significant difference on general sit- uation; the animals had no obvious visible ab- normality in abdominal cavity organs;there was no significant influence on blood routine inde- xes, no significant histopathology changes on the liver, spleen, intestine and peritoneum in the animals. CONCLUSION： The antibiosis effects of BAC solution on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacil lus subtilis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus ni- ger in vitro are very good; and it is safe for SD rats and Beagle dogs with below 0.01 % （inclu- ding 0.01%） BAC solution for irrigation of peri- toneal cavity only one time. It is feasible that BAC solution is used on infected abdomen for disposable peritoneal irrigation.