职业性接触苯并(a)芘对焦炉工人胆碱能系统的影响

目的]探讨职业性接触苯并(a)芘B(a)P]对焦炉作业工人胆碱能系统的影响.方法]根据183名男性焦炉工人的工作性质分为炉底组、炉侧组和炉顶组3个组:分别有28、57、57人.41名对照组从该企业的原材料处选择.用高效液相色谱法测定各组工作场所空气中B(a)P的浓度,并对工人尿中1-羟基芘(1-OH-Py)的水平进行检测;分别用碱性羟胺比色法和二硫代二硝基苯甲酸(DTNB)法测定全血滤液中乙酰胆碱(ACh)的含量和红细胞乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的活性.结果]焦化厂空气中B(a)P的浓度明显高于原材料处(10.2±7.6)ng/m3,并且呈现炉顶(1623.5±435.8)ng/m3高于炉侧(185.9±38.6)ng/m3;炉侧高于炉底(19.5±13.2)ng/m3的趋势;焦炉工1-OH-Py水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);与对照组相比,接触组红细胞AChE的活力明显降低,全血ACh的含量升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).相关分析结果显示尿1-OH-Py与ACh之间呈正相关(r=0.184,P=0.012);1-OH-Py与AChE之间呈负相关(r=-0.163,P=0.027).结论]职业接触B(a)P能够抑制外周血红细胞AChE的活力,使外周血ACh的水平升高,从而造成胆碱能系统的功能紊乱.

Effects of Occupational Exposure to Benzo(a)pyrene on Cholinergic System of Coke Oven Workers

Objective To study the effect of occupational exposure to benzo (a) pyrene B(a)P on cholinergic system of coke oven workers. Methods 183 coke oven workers were studied,in which 28 were working in oven-bottom,57 working in oven-side and another 57 working in oven-top,41 workers from a raw material plant were selected as controls. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect concentration of B(a)P in the air of working sites and level of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-Py) of workers. Contents of acetylcholine(ACh)in blood filtrate and activities of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were determined by Alky hydroxylamine chromatometry and DTNB methods,respectively. Results The concentration of B(a)P in the coke oven plant was higher than that in the raw material plant,and was higher at the top of coke oven than at the side,and than at the bottom. Compared with the controls,the levels of urinary 1-OH-Py in coke oven workers were significantly higher(P < 0.01). The activities of AChE esterase were depressed significantly and the contents of ACh increased in coke oven workers. Results of pearson correlation analysis indicated that a significant positive correlationship existed between urinary 1-OH-Py level and contents of ACh(r = 0.184),and a significant negative correlationship was found between concentration of 1-OH-Py and activities of AChE (r =-0.163). Conclusion B(a)P exposure can inhibit the activity of ACh esterase in periphery red blood cell,and increase the contents of ACh in the whole blood,which would result in the functional disorder of the cholinergic system.