广州市海珠区3~12岁儿童身高调查及影响因素分析

目的:了解广州市海珠区儿童身高发育情况,分析其影响因素。方法:随机抽取海珠区904名3~12岁儿童进行体格测量,对家长进行问卷调查,获得儿童身高及其影响因素的相关数据。结果:3~5岁组男、女童,6~岁组男童,7~8岁组男、女童,9~岁组男童的身高均值均低于全国水平(P<0.05)。当前身高低于遗传身高的儿童占21.6%;与遗传身高一致占65%;高于遗传身高的占13.4%。母亲身高,体型是否肥胖,经常吃钙片、喝牛奶,慢性疾病史,每天运动时间为身高的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:广州市海珠区儿童身高发育的整体水平较低,大部分儿童没有发挥身高的生长潜能,应重视环境因素对身高的影响,采取相应干预措施,促进儿童身高增长。

Study on the Height and Analysis of Influencing Factors of Children Aged 3 to 12 Years in Haizhu District of Guangzhou

OBJECTIVE To understand the state of children''s height development in Haizhu District of Guangzhou and analyze its related influencing factors. METHODS A random selection of 904 children aged 3 to 12 years in Haizhu District was conducted for physical measurements and questionnaire surveys of parents were conducted to obtain data on children''s height and influencing factors. RESULTS The average heights of boys and girls in the 3~5 year-old group, boys in the 6-year-old group, boys and girls in the 7~8 year-old group, and 9-year-old boys were lower than the national level (P<0.05). 65% of children were consistent with their genetic height, those whose actual height proved to be lower than genetic height took up a percentage of 21.6% while another 13.4% was taller than genetic height. Mother''s height, whether the body type is obese, often eats calcium tablets and drinks milk, history of chronic diseases and daily exercise time were the factors affecting height (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The overall level of height development of children in Haizhu District of Guangzhou is relatively low. Most children do not reach their height growth potential. The effect of environmental factors on height should be valued, and appropriate intervention measures should be taken to promote children''s height.