小儿肺炎支原体肺炎临床特征及治疗对策

目的探讨肺炎支原体肺炎临床特点诊断及治疗对策方法回顾性分析2001—2006年间36例肺炎支原体肺炎的临床表现特点、实验室检查、X线表现特点及应用大环内酯类药物治疗的疗效结果肺炎支原体肺炎不但好发于年长儿童．表现为发热，顽固性剧烈咳嗽．肺部体征少，X线表现多为单侧病变，病变下肺多于上肺，右肺多于左肺，多为不完全节段或大叶实变及大片状密度增高影，而且婴幼儿也可发生肺炎支原体肺炎，多表现为咳嗽伴喘憋，以不规则发热为主．肺部体征罗音比年长儿多．胸部X线表现多为双下肺小片状密度增高影、肺炎支原体肺炎可发生肺外脏器受损应用红霉素及阿奇霉素治疗可痊愈．结论肺炎支原体肺炎临床症状较重，大多数体征较轻微，X线胸片阴影明显，是本病的特点对有上述表现的肺炎患儿应及时寻找肺炎支原体感染的证据，大环内酯类抗生素治疗有效．尤其是阿奇霉素治疗肺炎支原体肺炎疗效可靠，且副作用少．可做为治疗肺炎支原体肺炎首选用药.

Clinical Features and Treatment of Children with Mycoplasmal Pneumonia

Objective To investigate clinical features and treatment of myeoplasmal pneumonia. Methods The clinieal features, results of laboratory examination, characteristics of X-ray and curative effects of maerolides drugs on 36 patients were respectively analyzed. Results Myeoplasmal pneumonia not only had predilection for ehler children, hut also occurred to infants. The elder ehihlren suffering from myeoplasmal pneumonia had febricity, severe refractory cough anti had few of pulmonary, signs. X-ray showed that the lesions were unilateral, which prefer lohus inferior pulmonis and right lung.and displayed large patches of dense shadow in incomplete segment or lohar consolidation. In contrast, most of infantile myeoplasmal pneumonia displayed cough accompanied hy wheeze, characterized as irregular fever, their rales were much obvious than those in the elder ehihlren. The X-ray films on these infants showed that fragmental dense shadows in their bilateral lohus inferior pulmonis. Additionally. the patients with myeoplasmal pneumonia might appear extrapulmonary tissue damages. Erythromyein anti azithromyein were usually applied for treating this disease. Conclusions Mycoplasmal pneumonia characterized as severe clinical symptoms, little ohjeetive signs in most of them, and obvious shadows on their X-ray films. The children with above-mentioned symptoms ought to promptly search for evidences of myeoplasma pneumoniae infection. The macrolide antihioties ,especially azithromycin, were effective with few side reactions in the treatment of mycoplasmal pneumonia,which couhl act as a preferred drug for treating myeoplasmal pneumonia.