吸烟和环境烟草烟雾暴露与女性肺癌的关系的病例──对照研究

在上海市区进行了女性肺癌病例—对照研究中共调查新病例649例，对照675例。资料分析表明各种组织学类型肺癌都与吸烟有联系．其中鳞癌和小细胞癌与吸烟关系非常密切．OR分别为5.6和9．9，吸烟使腺癌危险性略有增加，OR=1.195％可信阳=0.7～1.7,吸烟对肺癌总的相对危险度为2.4（95％可信限=1.8～3.3）。各类肺癌的危险性均随每日吸烟量的增加、吸烟年限的延长和开始吸烟年龄的提前而增加。鳞癌和小细胞癌危险性上升速度最快，腺癌危险性增加缓慢，且趋势不显著。本研究还发现工作环境中的环境烟草烟雾暴露使女性非吸烟者肺癌危险性增加到1.5倍，95％可信限=1．1～2.0。未发现儿童期父母吸烟和成年期丈夫吸烟增加女性非吸烟者肺癌危险性。

Smoking,Environmental Tobacco Smoking and Lung Cancer Risk in Women:A Case-Control Study in Shanghai

A population-based case-control study with 649 new cases and 675 controls with common persons as control was conducted in women in urban district of Shanghai and the relationship between smoking and the risk of lung cancer was analyzed. Abovedate shows that there is an obvious association in lung cancer of bistological type of each with smoking in which the Squamous cancer andsmall cell cancer have closely related to smoking. The overall odds ratio adjusted for age and education was 2. 4(95 %CI= 1. 8~ 3. 3) .meanwhile odds ratios for squamous cell cancer, small cell cancer and adenocarcinoma were 5. 6 (95 %CI= 3. 3~9. 6), 9. 9(95 %CI= 3.2 ~ 30. 1) and 1. 1 (95 % CI= 0. 7~ 1. 7) respectively. Odds ratios was increased with duration of cigarettes use, number of cigarettes perday, and earlier age at which smoking started for all histologic type, although the gradinegs of risk weregreater for squamous cell andsrnall cell than for adenocarcinoma. OR for Environrnent Tobacco Smoking(ETS) exposure at work place was 1. 5 (95%CI= 1. 1~ 2.0),while no significant relationship between ETS exposure parent smoking in childhood or due to husband smoking and lung cancer riskwas found.