嘴吸式净水瓶对野外水源水的净化效果

目的研制一种在野外无需电源及手动泵的嘴吸式净水瓶,以便于野外生活及工作时能获得快速净化饮用水。方法该装置用聚乙烯软质塑料经模具压制加工而成,其外形与部队现军用水壶相似,在壶盖外上方装有一个吮水嘴,壶体内部装有孔径0．05μm的中空纤维膜PVDF及活性炭纤维（ACF）滤料,通过嘴吸或双手挤压获取出水,有效容积1L。通过重力势对净水装置进行滤出水实验,并就水质的大肠菌群、细菌总数、CODMn及硝酸盐氮等指标进行了检测,以评价其净水效果。结果嘴吸式净水瓶对野外天然水源水所滤出的水无异味,大肠菌群（CFU／100mL）未检出,细菌总数〈2CFU／mL,CODmn≤5mg／L,净水后硝酸盐氮0．74mg／L,无异臭、异味和肉眼可见物。结论研制的嘴吸式净水瓶处理天然水源水后,水质的感官、细菌学、CODMn等指标均达到了生活饮用水标准,可直接饮用。

PURIFYING EFFECT OF THE WATER PURIFYING BOTILE BY SUCKING ON WATER FROM THE FIELD

Objective To develope a portable water purifying bottle by sucking without power supply and manual pump for people who live or work in the field. Methods The bottle is made of soft polyethylene, and has the shape similar to military water bottle. Upon the bottle lid, there is a suction mouth. PVDF hollow fiber membrane with the diameter of 0.05μm and activated carbon fibers（ACF） are fixed in the bottle. Purified water is got by sucking or pressing the bottle. The bottle has the effective volume of 1 litre. The coliform group, total bacterial count, CODMn and nitrate nitrogen, etc were measured. Results The water filtered from the bottle had normal taste, and no unpleasant odor and visible substances. The total bacterial count was less than 2 CFU/mL, CODMn≤5 mg/L, nitrate nitrogen 0.74 mg/L, coliform group undetected. Conclusion The quality of the water treated by this equipment measured up to the drinking water standard, so it can be drunk directly.