上海市浦东新区部分社区空巢老人高血压流行状况及危险因素分析

目的了解上海市浦东新区上钢社区空巢老人高血压流行状况及相关危险因素。方法采用单纯随机抽样的方法，对居住在上钢街道六个居委会的60岁以上的空巢老人进行面对面的调查，由专门培训的调查员进行问卷调查和血压测量。结果六个居委会共有空巢老人634人，高血压患病率为51．7％（328／634）；空巢老人高血压相关危险因素有：吸烟、饮酒、高盐饮食、缺乏运动及高血压家族史等；高血压组与非高血压组相关保健行为存在差异（P〈0.05）；高血压患者的知晓率、管理率和控制率分别为62．8％、49．2％、28．7％。结论上海市上钢社区空巢老人的高血压发病率较高，对空巢老人高血压预防控制措施亟待加强。

A Survey on Epidemic Situation and Associated Risk Factors of Hypertension Among the Empty-Nest elderly in Shanggang commnnity of Shanghai

Objective To study the epidemic situation and associated risk factors of hypertension among the empty-nest elderly in Shangha of community. Methods Using pure random sampling method, a face-to-face questionnaire survey and the blood pressure measuring of the empty-nest elderly aged 60-year-old or above in the two communities of Shanggang were performed by trained investigators. Results There are 634 empty-nest elderlies in the two communities. The prevalence rate of hypertension was 51.7% in the subjects. The associated risk factors of hypertension among the empty-nest elderly include smoking, drinking, excess salt diet, lacking of sports and family history of hypertension. There was significant difference between the groups of hypertension and non-hypertension in the distribution of keeping healthy behaviors. The rate of awareness, management and control were 62. 8% ,49. 2%, and 28.7% respectively in the hypertension subjects. Conclusion The prevalence rate of hypertension among the empty-nest elderly is high, Public health education programs, multiple prevention and intervention measures of hypertension should be strengthened among the empty-nest elderly.