社区老年人互助养老意愿现状及其影响因素分析

目的:调查社区老年人互助养老意愿的现状并分析其影响因素。方法:调查498例社区老年人参与互助养老的意愿、人口学资料、Barthel指数、UCLA孤独感量表中文简化版和社会功能缺陷筛选表(SDSS)等的评分情况,分析影响互助养老意愿的因素,尤其是心理社会因素的影响。结果:60.2%的社区老年人愿意尝试互助养老模式;回归分析结果显示,年龄、文化程度、孤独感得分、社会参与程度是老年人是否选择互助养老模式的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:超过半数社区老年人愿意参加互助养老,为促进此种养老模式的推行,应重点从改善心理社会因素,如老年人孤独感水平和社会参与程度入手,政府和社区工作人员应加强相关宣传和教育。

The influencing factors of willingness to participate in community mutual aid pension among the elderly in community

Objective: To explore the influencing factors of willingness to participate in community mutual aid pension. Methods: We investigated 498 community elderly people’s willingness to participate in community mutual aid pension, demographic data, Barthel index, simplified Chinese version of UCLA Loneliness Scale and Social Dysfunction Screening Scale, and analyze the factors affecting their willingness, especially the psycho-social factors. Results: About 60.2% of the elderly in community were willing to try community mutual aid pension. The results of regression analysis showed that age, educational level, loneliness score and social participation were the independent influencing factors for the elderly’s willingness to participate in community mutual aid pension(P<0.05). Conclusion: More than half of the elderly in the community are willing to participate in community mutual aid pension. In order to promote the implementation of this model, we should focus on improving the level of loneliness and social participation of the elderly, and the government and community staff should strengthen the relevant publicity and education.