新护士心理健康状况与社会支持的相关性研究

目的了解新护士的心理健康状况与社会支持情况及二者之间的相关性。方法采用精神症状自评量表(SCL-90)和社会支持量表(SSRS)对65名新护士进行调查分析。结果新护士人际关系敏感、偏执因子分低于国内青年常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);客观支持、主观支持、对支持的利用度、社会支持总分均低于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性与社会支持总分呈负相关,人际关系敏感、抑郁、敌对、恐怖与主观支持分呈负相关,抑郁与对支持的利用度分呈负相关。结论新护士所获得的社会支持程度与心理健康状况密切相关,护理管理部门应重视加强新护士的社会支持,维护其心理健康。

Study on the relationship between mental health and social support of the new nurses

Objective To understand new nurses＇ mental health condition and social support,and the relationship between them. Methods The psychiatric symptom assessment scale（SCL-90） and social support scale（SSRS） were used to investigate 65 new nurses. Results New nurses’ interpersonal sensitivity and paranoid factor were lower than the national norm for young people,and the differences were statistically significant（P≤0.01）; objective support,subjective support,support utilization,and total score of social support were significantly lower than the national norm,and the differences were statistically significant（P0.01）; obsessive-compulsive symptoms,interpersonal relationship sensitivity,depression,anxiety,terror,and psychotic were negatively correlated to total score of social support; interpersonal sensitivity,depression,hostility,and terror were negatively related to subjective support; depression was negatively correlated to support utilization. Conclusion New nurses’ mental health are closely related to the degree of social support they received. Nursing management department should pay more attention to strengthen the new nurses’ social support,and maintain their psychological health.