探讨狂犬病门诊暴露人群监测分析与处理

目的：通过对狂犬病暴露人群的监测以及所采取预防综合性措施的现况调查,为探索狂犬病相关危险因素,制定相应防治策略提供依据。方法：用描述流行病学方法对监测期间新兴县13个预防接种门诊的狂犬病暴露人群就诊登记资料与《狂犬病门诊暴露人群监测月报表》,用Microsoft Excel进行统计分析。结果：监测期间该县狂犬病暴露7328例,男女之比为1．31：1;农村4725例（64．48％）,城镇2603例（35．52％）,农村与县城有显著差异（X2=271．52,P〈0．05）,伤人动物以家犬为主（5921例,占80．79％）,其次为猫类（15．01％）,鼠类（1．85％）,宠物犬（1．20％）,45岁以上组狂犬病暴露率最高（38．82％）,暴露部位以下肢最多,暴露发生以夏季为主。结论：犬类是人狂犬病的主要传染源,农村为重点防控地区,狂犬病门诊暴露人群伤口正确处理是关键,及时、全程接种高效价的疫苗是保障,加强犬类的免疫和管理,普及狂犬病防治知识宣教等是控制人狂犬病发生和流行的应对措施。

Explore rabies clinic exposed population monitoring and processing

Objective：Monitoring of populations exposed to rabies,as well as comprehensive measures taken to prevent the status of the investiga- tion,in order to explore the rabies--related risk factors, provide a basis for formulating appropriate control strategies. Methods：Describe the epidemi- ological method in xinxing County, 13 out-- patient clinic vaccination registration data with the the crowd monitoring of exposure to rabies clinic monthly report. Result：In the monitoning period revealed 7328 cases of rabies in the county, wounding animals mainly dogs （5921 cases, accounting for 80.79%） ,45 age group the highest rate of rabies exposure, exposed parts of the lower extremities most exposure occurs mainly in the summer. Conclusion：Dogs are a major source of infection of human rabies,Wounds exposed to correctly handle the crowd is Key,Vaccination is to protect the To strengthen the management of dogs,popularize knowledge of publicity is to control rabies incidence and prevalence of rabies countermeasures.