三叶木通正丁醇部位化学成分分离鉴定

目的:研究三叶木通藤茎正丁醇萃取物的化学成分。方法:取三叶木通的藤茎100 kg,采用75%乙醇加热回流提取3次,减压回收溶剂成浸膏。浸膏加适量的水混匀后,依次用二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇进行萃取。正丁醇层萃取物经大孔树脂柱色谱,硅胶柱色谱,LH-20型羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶(Sephadex LH-20)柱色谱,ODS柱色谱和半制备高效液相色谱法进行分离纯化,并通过理化性质、质谱、核磁共振技术(1H和13C-NMR)和相关文献数据等对所得化合物进行结构鉴定。结果:从三叶木通正丁醇部位分离并鉴定出14个化合物,分别鉴定为木通皂苷B(1),木通皂苷C(2),皂苷PH(3),卵叶银莲花苷A(4),2α,3β,23-三羟基齐墩果烷-30-去甲基-12,19-双烯-28-O-β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→3)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5),akemisaponins D(6),akemisaponins E(7),积雪草苷(8),皂苷PJ1(9),scheffoleoside A(10),symplocosneolignan A(11),刺楸皂苷D(12),leonticin E(13),ciwujianoside A1(14)。结论:化合物1~4,11,13,14均为首次从该植物中分离得到,以上化合物的发现进一步丰富了三叶木通的化学成分组成,为综合开发和利用三叶木通植物资源提供前期的实验基础。

Chemical Constituents of n-Butanol Extract Part of Akebia trifoliata Caulis

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from n-butanol extract of Akebia trifoliata caulis. Method: The 100 kg caulis of A. trifoliata was extracted with 75% ethanol( EtOH) for three times by heating reflux. These 3 extracts were decompressed and concentrated,and then dissolved in water. The solvent was successively extracted with dichloromethane,ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The chemical constituents from the n-butanol fraction were isolated by macroporous, silica gel, sephadex LH-20 and ODS columns, and semipreparative high performance liquid chromatography,and their chemical structures were determined through MS,NMR analysis(1 H and13 C-NMR) and spectroscopic data from literatures. Result: Totally 14 compounds were isolated and identified as mutongsaponin B( 1), mutongsaponin C( 2), saponin PH( 3), begoniifolide A( 4), 2α, 3β, 23-trihydroxy-30-noroleana-12, 19-dien-28-oicacid-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-( 1 → 3)-α-Lrhamnopyranosyl-( 1 → 4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-( 1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester( 5), akemisaponins D( 6),akemisaponins E( 7),asiaticoside( 8),saponin PJ1( 9),scheffoleoside A( 10),symplocosneolignan A( 11),kalopanax-saponins D( 12),leonticin E( 13),ciwujianoside A1( 14). Conclusion: Compounds 1-4,11,13,14 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The discovery of these compounds further enriched the chemical constituents of A. trifoliata,and provided experimental and scientific basis for the comprehensive development and utilization of A. trifoliata.