山东新泰与湖北襄樊有偿献血员HIV感染对比研究

目的 了解有偿献血员艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染率及基因型别分布状况。方法 采用整群抽样的方法，对山东省新泰市和湖北省襄樊市部分农村645例有偿献血员进行调查，用酶联免疫吸附方法（ELISA）和蛋白免疫和印迹法（WB）对献血员血清进行HIV抗体检测，用特异性引物对HIV毒株进行基因序列分析和亚型测定。结果 献血员HIV感染率为3.26(21/645)不同地区之间存在较大差异，襄樊献血员HIV感染率（9.1%)明显高于新泰献血员（0.5%)；有单采浆史者HIV感染率为7.80%，显著高于只献全血者（1.1%)；对HIV毒株特定区域的基因序列分析显示，山东和湖北献血人群HIV核酸序列与HIV-1泰国B亚型离散率最小，分别为6.2%和5.01%，其内部基因离散率分别为4.53%和2.92%。结论 我国不同地区间献血人群的HIV感染率存在较大差异，而其感染HIV毒株的基因型分布一致，为HIV-1泰国B亚型，估计传入献血人群3-6年。

HIV Prevalence and Subtypes among Paid Blood Donors in Shandong and Hubei Provinces, China

Objective To determine the prevalence and distribution of HIV infection and subtypes among paid blood donors.Methods A cluster sanipling method was used to survey 645 paid blood donsrs from villages in Shandong and Hubei provinces.Blood samples were collected and screened using ELISA and confirmed with WB for detecting HIV antibodies.DNA gene se-quencing was conducted to identify HIV subtypes and strains.ResultS HIV prevalence among blood donors was 3.26%(21/645) .Xi-angfan in Hubei province had a prevalence rate of 9.05% ,much higher than Xintai in Shandong province with 0.46% .Prevalence rates were higlier among plasma donors(7.80%)compared to blood donors only(1. 14%) .HIV sequence analysis showed that HIV infected strains in blood donors was a HTV - 1 subtype B' (Thailand B)strain.The genen'c divergence inner - group was 4.53% of the two strains found in Xintai,and 2.92% of the four strains from Xiangfan. Conclusion There were significant differences in HIV prevalence among blood donors from different areas in China.The history of plasma donation is a risk factor for HIV infection.The strain found among HIV infected blood donors was a HIV -1 subtype B'(Thailand B)strain.It was estimated that HIV has been transmitted from one blood donor to another for approximately 3-6 years.