昆明市成人超重肥胖流行现状及与血压血糖水平的关系

目的了解昆明市20岁及以上成人超重、肥胖的流行特征,分析超重、肥胖与血压、血糖水平和高血压、糖尿病间的关系。方法采用分层多阶段抽样方法,于2008年1—4月随机抽取昆明市20岁及以上常住居民5195人,进行面对面询问调查和体格检查。结果昆明市20岁及以上城乡居民超重率为25.73%,肥胖率为8.09%。随着体质指数的增加,居民的平均血压和血糖水平均逐渐升高(P0.05),同时,高血压、空腹血糖受损、糖尿病患病率也迅速增高(P0.05),正常体重人群的高血压、空腹血糖受损、糖尿病患病率分别为19.08%,5.35%和4.15%,而超重者高血压、空腹血糖受损和糖尿病患病率分别为30.38%,6.70%和8.23%,肥胖者高血压、空腹血糖受损和糖尿病患病率分别为41.10%,6.36%和14.56%,超重人群的高血压、空腹血糖受损、糖尿病患病率分别是正常体重人群的1.59倍、1.25倍和1.98倍,肥胖人群的高血压、空腹血糖受损、糖尿病患病率分别是正常体重人群的2.15倍、1.19倍和3.51倍。结论超重、肥胖已成为影响昆明市居民健康的重要公共卫生问题,是高血压、糖尿病等慢性病的重要危险因素,应加强对超重、肥胖的干预和控制。

A Study on the Epidemiological Characteristics of Overweight and Obesity and its Relationship with the Hypertension and Diabetes among Adult Residents in Kunming, Yunnan

Objective To describe the epidemiological distribution of overweight ＆ obesity and explore its relationship with hypertension and diabetes among adult residents in kunming city. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 5 195 permanent residents aged 20 over years with stratified multistage sampling during Jan. to Apr., 2008 in kunming city. Results The general prevalence rate of overweight was 25.73% and the rate of obesity was 8.09%. The average levels of blood pressure and blood glucose gradually increased with the increasing of BMI, while the rates of hypertension, impaired fasting blood glucose （IFG） and diabetes mellitus also increased. The prevalence rates of hypertension, IFG and diabetes were 19.08%, 5.35% and 4.15% among normal body weight people, 30.38%, 6.70% and 8.23% among overweight people and 41.10%, 6.36% and 14.56% among obesity people; the rates were 1.59 times, 1.25 times and 1.98 times higher among overweight people than those among normal body weight people, 2.15 times, 1.19 times and 3.51 times higher among obesity people than those among normal body weight people. Conclusion Overweight and obesity have become important public health problems in Kunming and they are major risk factors to cause hypertension and diabetes. It should be strengthened the health education and health promotion to prevent and control overweight and obesity.