辽宁省城乡老年人意外伤害流行病学调查

目的了解辽宁省城乡老年人意外伤害的发生水平和分布特征,为老年人的意外伤害预防提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法在辽宁省内3个城市3个县抽取2877名老年人,对其过去1年中的伤害情况进行回顾性调查。结果辽宁省60岁以上老人意外伤害发生率为13.69%,调整率为15.48%,标化率13.98%,农村(17.94%)高于城市(11.16%),女性(15.04%)高于男性(12.19%),70～79岁老年人意外伤害发生率最高(15.16%)。发生率排前5位的伤害依次为跌倒(6.05%)、锐器割刺伤(3.96%)、撞击挤压伤(0.83%)、机动车交通事故(0.66%)和运动伤(0.52%);伤害性质的前4位为开放性伤口、扭伤、浅表伤和骨折,分别占38.07%,25.38%,19.29%,11.42%。跌倒的发生率随年龄增高而上升(χ2=9.59,P0.01)。结论辽宁省老年人意外伤害发生率较高,跌倒是老年伤害预防控制的重点,农村老年女性是高危人群。

Epidemioiogical Survey on Injury of the Older Persons in Urban and Rural Areas of Liaoning Province

Objective To describe the incidence and distribution of injuries in old people in urban and rural areas of Liaoning province. Methods 2 877 subjects with age〉60 were randomly selected from 3 cities and 3 counties by stratified multi- stage cluster sampling method. The type and nature of injuries occurred in the past 1 year were investigated by a face to face household questionnaire survey. Results The crude and adjusted incidence rate of injury were 13.69% and 15.48%, respectively, significantly higher in rural （17.94%） and female （15.04%） than that in urban （11.16%） and in male （12.19%）, the highest rate was found in the people with age 70-79 （15.16%）. The top 5 types of injuries were tumbling（6.05%）, cut/pierce （3.96%）, struck/crush （0.83%）, motor-traffic accident （0.66%） and sports （0.52%）; the top 4 natures of injm：~ were open wound, sprain, contusion/abrasion and fracture, accounting for 38.07%, 25.38%, 19.29% and 11.42% of the all injuries. The incidences of falls increased significantly with aging （P〈0.01）. Conclusion The incidence of injuries is higher in the old people of Liaoning province, falling injury is the focus of injury prevention, and older women are the population at the highest risk.