支气管哮喘患者的生活质量及情绪状况分析

目的调查支气管哮喘患者的生活质量及情绪状况,分析不同人口学特征及医学变量的支气管哮喘患者生活质量的差异,探讨情绪与患者生活质量的关系。方法使用一般情况调查表、5分制成人哮喘生活质量评估表(AQLQ)及简明心境问卷—简式(POMS-SF)对769名支气管哮喘患者进行了问卷调查。结果 AQLQ总均分为(113.00±25.85)分;每题均分为3.23分,处在5点量表的中间位置。门诊患者的生活质量总分高于住院患者,差别有统计学意义(P0.001);男性、年龄30岁、大学及以上文化程度、病程少于5年的支气管哮喘患者相对于其他患者来说生活质量相对较好,负性情绪的得分较低;工人及农民、经济状况较差、病情较严重的支气管哮喘患者生活质量较差,负性情绪的得分也相对较高,差别均有统计学意义(P0.05)。同时,相关分析的结果表明,AQLQ总分与POMS-SF总分呈负相关(r=-0.50),AQLQ各维度与POMS-SF各分量表也存在着不同程度的相关,均有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论支气管哮喘患者的生活质量偏差,存在较多的负性情绪,不同性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、经济状况、病情及病程的支气管哮喘患者生活质量及情绪状况存在差异。

The Analysis of Quality of Life and Emotion of 769 Asthma Patients

Objective To investigate the situation of quality of life and emotion in patients with asthma, analyze the difference between different characteristics of patents, and study the relationship between emotion and quality of life. Methods 769 adult patients with asthma were investigated with Self-designed general situation questionnaire, Asthma quality of life questionnaire （AQLQ） and profile of mood states-short form （POMS-SF）. Results The mean sum score of AQLQ was 113.00±25.85, and the mean score of every subject was 3.23. Quality of life was relatively better and the score of negative emotion was lower in male patients and outpatients, who aged less than 30 years and accepted university education, suffering asthma for less than 5 years. But the quality of life was worse and the score of negative emotion was higher in workers and peasants, patients with bad finance circumstance and more serous asthma. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed that there was a negative correlation between the total score of AQLQ and POMS-SF （r=-0.50, P〈0.001）, and every dimension of AQLQ also had different degree correlation with different part of POMS-SF （P〈0.001）. Conclusion Quality of life of asthma patients was bad, and there were many negative emotions in them. Furthermore, the situation of quality of life and emotion was different in different gender, age, education background, career, finance circumstance, seriousness and length of the disease.