甲状腺癌中ret/ptc癌基因表达的研究

目的探讨ret原癌基因活化形式ret/ptc癌基因在甲状腺癌发病机制中的作用和判断其生物学行为。方法应用RTnPCR方法检测了37例甲状腺癌ret/ptc癌基因的表达,包括乳头状癌为26例,滤泡癌8例,髓样癌2例,未分化癌1例。结果26例甲状腺乳状癌中有11例表达为阳性,阳性率为42.3%,8例滤泡癌、2例髓样癌和1例未分化癌均表达为阴性。组织学观察显示,ret/ptc阳性组病例多伴有淋巴细胞浸润(63.6%),显著高于阴性组病例(20.0%,P<0.05),临床病理资料显示,患者发病年龄平均为28.9岁,显著低于阴性组病例的45.9岁(P<0.05),而与患者性别,肿瘤大小,淋巴结转移无显著相关性,随访结果表明在复发病例中无ret/ptc阳性表达病例。结论我们认为ret原癌基因的活化与甲状腺乳头状癌的发生有关,具有ret/ptc癌基因阳性表达的患者一般发病年龄较小,肿瘤恶性程度不高,患者预后相对较好,可作为临床上诊断及判断其生物学行为的参考指标。

Expression of ret oncogene activation and its significance in thyroid carcinoma

Objective To investigate the frequency and ret oncogene activation in human thyroid carcinoma. Methods Expression of PTC oncogene was detected in paraffin embedded tissue specimens from 37 thyroid carcinomas by RT-nPCR, which included 26 cases of papillary carcinomas, 8 cases of follicular carcinomas, 2 cases of medullary carcinomas, and 1 case of undifferentiated carcinomas. Results PTC oncogene was expressed in 11 of 26 cases (42.3%) papillary carcinomas. By contrast, none of follicular carcinomas, medullary carcinomas, undifferentiated carcinomas, and normal epithelial tissues showed positive. The mean age of the patients with tumors displaying ret rearrangement (28.9years) was significantly lower than that did not present rearrangement (45.9years). The frequency of lymphocytic infiltration with tumors displaying PTC oncogene was significantly higher (63.3%) than the cases that did not present PTC oncogene (20%). No significant differences were found regarding the gender of the patient, tumor size or the lymph node metastasis. Conclusion the result may suggest that, PTC oncogene is unique to papillary carcinoma subtype, the sporadic PTCS harbouring a ret rearrangement occur frequently as slow growing tumors that do not usually progress towards less differentiated neoplasms representing a good prognosis. It is useful in diagnoses and prognosis of thyroid carcinoma.