高频重复经颅磁刺激联合神经肌肉电刺激治疗卒中后吞咽障碍:随机对照研究

目的 评价高频重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)联合神经肌肉电刺激(neuromuscular electrical stimulation,NMES)对卒中后吞咽障碍的治疗作用.方法 共纳入卒中后吞咽障碍患者90例,随机分为NMES+ rTMS组和NMES+假rTMS组,每组各45例.采用洼田饮水试验和吞咽功能评定量表(Standardized Swallowing Assessment,SSA)评价吞咽功能.结果 治疗前、治疗1个疗程、治疗2个疗程和治疗后3个月时NMES+ rTMS组洼田饮水试验评分(F=82.001,P＜0.001)和SSA评分(F=33.743,P＜0.001)均存在显著差异,治疗1个疗程(分别为P＜0.01和JP＜0.05)、治疗2个疗程(P均＜0.01)和治疗后3个月时(P均＜0.01)均较治疗前显著改善;NMES+假rTMS组洼田饮水试验评分(F=53.647,P＜0.001)和SSA评分(F=19.178,P＜0.00l)也存在显著差异,治疗1个疗程(P均＜0.05)、治疗2个疗程(分别为P＜0.05和P＜0.01)和治疗后3个月时(P均＜0.01)均较治疗前显著改善.治疗1个疗程、治疗2个疗程及治疗后3个月时,NMES+ rTMS组洼田饮水试验评分(治疗1个疗程:=2.217,P=0.02;治疗2个疗程:=2.406,P=0.019;治疗后3个月:=2.128,P=0.037)和SSA评分(治疗1个疗程:=2.196,P=0.030;治疗2个疗程:=2.425,P=0.016;治疗后3个月:t=2.512,P=0.013)均显著优于NMES+假rTMS组.结论 高频rTMS联合NMES可显著改善卒中患者的吞咽功能,其疗效优于NMES.

High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation for the treatment of poststroke dysphagia: a randomized controlled trial

Objective To assess the therapeutic effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on poststroke dysphagia.Methods A total of 90 patients with poststroke dysphagia were enrolled.They were randomly divided into either a NMES + rTMS group or a NMES + sham rTMS group (n =45 in each group).The Kuhota water drinking test and Standardized Swallowing Assessment (SSA) were used to assess the swallowing function.Results The scores of Kuhota water drinking test (F=82.001,P＜0.001) and the SSA (F =33.743,P ＜0.001) before treatment,treatment of one course,treatment of two courses,and at 3 months after treatment in the NMES + rTMS group had significant differences.Compared with before treatment,they were improved significantly for treatment of one course (P ＜0.01 and P ＜0.05,respectively),two courses (all P＜0.01),and at 3 months (all P＜0.01) after treatment.The scores of Kuhota water drinking test (F =53.647,P＜0.001) and the SSA (F=19.178,P＜0.001) in the NMES + sham rTMS group also had significant difference.Compared with before treatment,they had significant improvement for treatment of one course (all P ＜0.05),two courses (P ＜0.05 and P ＜0.01,respectively) and at 3 months (all P＜0.01)after treatment.The scores of Kuhota water drinking test for treatment of one course,two courses,and at 3 months after treatment (treatment of one course:t=2.217,P=0.02;treatment of two courses:t =2.406,P =0.019;at 3 months after treatment:t =2.128,P =0.037) and the SSA (treatment of one course:t =2.196,P =0.030,treatment of two courses:t =2.425,P =0.016;at 3 months after treatment:t =2.512,P=0.013) in the NMES + rTMS group were significantly better than those in the NMES + sham rTMS group.Conclusions High-frequency rTMS combined with NMES may significantly improve the swallowing function in patients with stroke.Its efficacy is superior to NMES.