不开腹单纯膀胱内注射制备急性肾盂肾炎大鼠模型

目的：研究不开腹状态下经尿道直接膀胱内注射大肠杆菌制备急性肾盂肾炎大鼠模型。方法24只雌性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、感染3 d组及感染7 d组。大鼠禁水24 h，10％水合氯醛麻醉后，经尿道注入108 cfu·mL－1活性大肠杆菌（E．co-li）约0．5 mL，同时细线结扎尿道口2 h后松开。测量大鼠处死前体重及双侧肾重，计算肾重指数。膀胱内尿液及肾脏匀浆行细菌培养，肾脏HE染色行病理学检查。结果感染各组大鼠肾脏均较对照组增大，肾重系数升高，具有统计学意义，而感染3 d组与7 d组间无明显差异。感染3 d组及7 d组大鼠膀胱尿培养阳性率分别为100％和62．5％，肾脏细菌培养阳性率分别为100％和75％，与对照组相比，P＜0．05，差异具有统计学意义。光镜可见感染3 d组肾盂黏膜下及间质区有大量中性粒细胞及淋巴细胞浸润，毛细血管扩张；感染7d组可见肾盂黏膜下大量淋巴细胞浸润及少量嗜酸性粒细胞。两组肾小球及肾小管结构均未见明显变化。结论不开腹状态下经尿道直接膀胱内注射大肠杆菌可成功制备急性肾盂肾炎大鼠模型。

Rat model of acute pyelonephritis by simple bladder injection without laparotomy

Objective To make the rat model of acute pyelonephritis by simple bladder injection without laparotomy.Methods 24 fe-male rats were randomly divided into control group,3 days infection group and 7 days infection group.The rats were forbidden to drink-ing for 24 h,and then under anesthesia,108 cfu·mL-1 E.coli was injected into bladder through the urethra.At same time,urethral o-pening was ligatured after 2 h,weighing the rat and each kidney.Urine in bladder and kidney homogenate were used for bacteriology ex-amination.The hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed on kidney tissues to observe the pathological changes in these groups respec-tively.Results The kidneys of all infection groups as well as kidney coefficients increased,while there is no difference between 3 days infection group and 7 days infection group.The positive rates of bacterial culture of urine in bladder in 3 days infection group and 7 days infection group are 100% and 62.5%,respectively,and kidney homogenate are 100% and 75%,respectively.In 3 days infection group,a large number of neutrophils and lymphocytes can be seen under the mucous membrane of renal pelvis and interstitial area under the light microscopy.In 7 days infection group,numbers of lymphocytes and some eosinophils can be observed under the mucous mem-brane of renal pelvis.There is no obvious changes of glomerulus and renal tubules in both groups.Conclusions The rat model of acute pyelonephritis can be made by simple injection of E.coli into bladder without laparotomy.