成都地区儿童睡眠障碍流行病学调查

目的了解成都市2～12岁儿童睡眠状况及相关因素.方法 2004年9至10月间在成都市5个城区中抽取2个区的2个小学和2个幼儿园1 600名2～12岁儿童,由专人对家长进行问卷调查.结果实际回收有效问卷1 526份.幼儿组、学龄前组和学龄组平均睡眠时间分别为12.12 h、10.42 h和9.47 h;睡眠障碍患病率为37.88%,其中打鼾为5.57%、喉头哽咽为1.25%、睡眠不安为7.86%、张口呼吸为4.59%、多汗为21.36%、肢体抽动为2.82%、磨牙为8.26%、梦呓为4.02%、梦游为0.2%、遗尿为1.95%、入睡困难为10.75%,部分症状的患病率男童高于女童,幼儿组高于其他组.影响儿童睡眠的相关因素为与父母同房睡、患扁桃体炎和支气管炎、花粉过敏和父亲打鼾等.结论成都地区儿童睡眠障碍的患病率较高,睡眠时间普遍较少.

Survey on prevalence of 1 526 children with sleep disturbances in age of 2 to 12 years old in Chengdu

OBJECTIVE: To find out the prevalence of sleep disturbances for children aged 2 to 12 years old in Chengdu. METHODS: Totally 1 600 children aged 2-12 years old were selected from 5 districts in Chengdu and investigated by using questionnaire. RESULTS: All 1 526 survey papers were returned. The average time of every day sleep in each age group (infant group, pre-school age group and school age group) were 12.12 hours, 10.42 hours and 9.47 hours. The sleep time of the children in those three groups were much less than the standard one. The proportion of the prevalence of sleep disturbance was 37.88%. Among them, there were snoring in 5.57%, choke/gargling in 1.25%, sleep inquietude in 7.86%, mouth breathing in 4.59%, sweating in 21.36%, member spasm in 2.82%, molar teeth in 8.26%, night talking in 4.02%, somnambulate in 0.2%, bedwetting in 1.95%, and difficulty falling asleep in 10.75%. There were significant differences shown in different sexes and ages, and in incidence of symptoms of some sleep disturbances. The affecting factors were the co-sleeping, tonsillitis, bronchitis, pollen allergy and their parent's snore. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of sleep disturbances being higher and more severe than before might be due to the less sleeping time in Chengdu in children aged 2 to 12 years old. More attention should be paid by parents, the Ministry of Education and the children's doctors.