北京市宣武区4类职业人群健康素养现况调查

目的了解北京市宣武区4类职业人群健康素养水平以及不同职业人群健康素养差异。方法采用随机抽样的方法抽取4类职业人群作为调查对象并开展问卷调查。结果北京市宣武区4类职业人群总体健康素养水平为9.5%、3个维度的健康素养水平(基本知识和理念33.7%、健康生活方式与行为14.9%、基本技能18.9%)、5类健康问题健康素养水平(安全与急救55.4%、科学健康观45.3%、传染病预防27.8%、基本医疗5.8%、慢性病预防5.7%)均较低;不同文化程度、收入水平职业人群在总体健康素养水平、3维度和5类健康问题健康素养水平间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论北京市宣武区4类职业人群总体健康素养水平低,且多数人没有建立良好的健康行为。应加强健康素养知识的宣传、普及和教育。

Survey of health literacy among four kinds of occupational population in Xuanwu District,Beijing City

Objective To understand the health literacy status of occupational population and the gaps of helath literacy between different occupational population in Xuanwu District,Beijing City.Methods Four kinds of occupational subjects were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling and were investigated by questionnaires.Results The total rate of health literacy was 9.5% among 4 kinds of occupation population in Xuanwu District,Beijing City.The levels of three mentions of health literacy(basic knowledge and concept,33.7%;health lifestyle and behavior,14.9%;basic skills,18.9%) and the levels of five health issues of health literacy(safety and emergency,55.4%;scientific health concept,45.3%;prevention of infectious diseases,27.8%;basic medical care,5.8%;prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases,5.7%) were low.The health literacy levels of different education level of population and different income population were different,and the differences had statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion The total level of health literacy was low among 4 kinds of occupational population in Xuanwu District,Beijing City,and most persons did not hold health behaviors.The propaganda,education and surveillance of health literacy should be enhanced to improve the health literacy level of occupational population.