子宫内膜增殖症诊治的研究进展

子宫内膜增殖症是子宫内膜腺体增生和(或)腺体间质比例增加的子宫内膜增生性病变,雌激素刺激子宫内膜而无孕激素抵抗被认为是主要的致病风险因素,其确切病因仍未完全明确。子宫内膜增殖症目前主要根据病理结果分类为子宫内膜增生不伴不典型和子宫内膜不典型增生,其中子宫内膜不典型增生被认为是Ⅰ型子宫内膜癌的癌前病变。诊断子宫内膜增殖症需结合病史、影像学、细胞学,以组织学结果为最终诊断依据。子宫内膜增殖症的治疗主要分为药物治疗和手术治疗,具体采用的治疗方法主要依据子宫内膜增生的类型和患者的生育要求。本文从子宫内膜增殖症的概念、分型、发病机制、诊断、治疗等几个方面进行综述。

The Progress in the Diagnosis and/or Treatment of Endometrial Hyperplasia

Endometrial hyperplasia is defined as endometrial thickening with a proliferation of irregularly sized and shaped glands and an increased gland-to-stroma ratio. The specific cause of this disorder is unclear, the endometrium proliferation by estrogenic stimulation without progesterone resistance is believed to be the main etiological factor for developing the condition. Endometrial hyperplasia is currently mainly classified as endometrial hyperplasia with and without atypical hyperplasia according to the pathology. An atypical endometrial hyperplasia is considered as a pre-malignant conditions of the type Ⅰ endometrium. The diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia should be taken into account of medical history, imaging and cytology, and its final diagnosis is based on histological results. The treatment of endometrial hyperplasia is mainly divided into medication and surgery. The specific treatment regimen should be based on the type of endometrial hyperplasia and the fertility requirements of the patient. This article reviews the endometrial hyperplasia definition, mechanism, diagnosis, classification, and treatment.