肉芽肿性乳腺炎的病原菌分布及药敏分析

目的分析广东省妇幼保健院肉芽肿性乳腺炎病原菌分布特点及主要细菌的药物敏感情况,为肉芽肿性乳腺炎的病因和治疗提供依据。方法收集肉芽肿性乳腺炎患者的脓液标本,培养后进行分离、鉴定,对分离的主要细菌使用药敏卡或微量肉汤稀释法进行药敏试验,分析细菌的分布及药物的敏感率。结果436例肉芽肿性乳腺炎患者中细菌培养阳性111例,培养阳性率为25.45%,细菌分布以棒状杆菌为主,分离率达70.27%(78/111),其中以微小棒状杆菌和G群棒状杆菌为主(48/78),棒状杆菌对青霉素、亚胺培南、美罗培南、克林霉素敏感率较低(<55%),对庆大霉素、利奈唑胺、万古霉素、利福平有较高敏感率(>90%)。结论棒状杆菌感染与肉芽肿性乳腺炎具有密切关系,伴有棒状杆菌感染的肉芽肿性乳腺炎可用万古霉素、利奈唑胺、庆大霉素等敏感性较高的药物进行辅助治疗。

Distribution and drug sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria in granulomatous mastitis

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics and main bacteria drug susceptibility of granulomatous mastitis in Guangdong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital to help explore the prevention and treatment strategies of breast infections. Methods The pus samples of patients with granulomatous mastitis were collected, separated, and identified after culture. Drug sensitivity test of the main strains was performed using the drug sensitivity card or the microbroth dilution method to analyze the distribution of bacteria and the sensitivity of drugs. Results Among 436 patients with granulomatous mastitis, 111 were positive for bacterial culture (25.45%). the distribution was mainly Corynebacterium, the isolation rate was 70.27% (111/436), and Corynebacterium minutissimum and G group Corynebacterium were the main ones (48/78). Corynebacterium has a low sensitivity rate to penicillin, imipenem, meropenem, and clindamycin (<55%), and has a high sensitivity rate to gentamicin, linezolid, vancomycin, and rifampin. Conclusion Corynebacterium infections are closely related to granulomatous mastitis. The granulomatous mastitis with Corynebacterium infections can be treated with highly sensitive drugs such as gentamicin, linezolid, and vancomycin.