2017年北京市昌平区学龄儿童肥胖现状及生活行为方式分析

目的 了解北京市昌平区学龄儿童肥胖及生活行为方式现状并分析相关性,为开展学生肥胖防治工作提供参考。方法 2017年4-9月,采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取昌平区8所小学1 260名学龄儿童,使用“北京市昌平区学龄儿童生活行为方式调查问卷”进行调查,同时测量身高和体重。结果 昌平区学龄儿童肥胖检出率为15.08%,其中农村(15.33%)高于城镇(14.81%),但差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.07,P>0.05);男生(17.51%)显著高于女生(12.29%),差异有统计学意义(χ²=6.67,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,过去7 d内食西式快餐>3 d(OR=2.66,95%CI:1.43～4.95)、进餐速度较快(OR=1.73,95%CI:1.23～2.42)、每天至少活动60 min<3 d(OR=1.74,95%CI:1.20～2.51)和参加课外体育锻炼<3 d(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.03～2.15)是学龄儿童肥胖的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 昌平区学龄儿童肥胖检出率较高,且与常食西式快餐、进餐速度较快和缺乏体育锻炼的不健康生活行为方式密切相关,应从合理膳食、身体活动及行为矫正等多个方面采取综合措施防控肥胖。

Analysis on the obesity and lifestyle of school-age children in Changping district,Beijing in 2017

Objective To investigate the prevalence of obesity and current status of lifestyle of school-age children in Changping district, Beijing, and to analyze their correlation, in order to provide reference for prevention and treatment of obesity in school-age children. Methods A stratified cluster and random sampling was applied to select 1 260 school-age students from 8 primary schools of Changping district from April to September 2017.Questionnaire on Lifestyle of School-age Children in Changping was adopted, and meantime students′ height and weight were measured. Results The detection rate of school-age obesity in children from Changping district was 15.08%.The rate in rural area (15.33%) was higher than that in urban area (14.81%),but the difference was not significant (χ²=0.07,P＞0.05).While the obesity rate of boys (17.51%) was significantly higher than that of girls (12.29%) (χ²=6.67,P＜0.05).Multifactor Logistic regression indicated that eating fast food more than 3 days (OR=2.66,95%CI:1.43～4.95), fast eating speed(OR=1.73,95%CI:1.23～2.42), exercise for at least 60 minutes each day less than 3 days (OR=1.74,95%CI:1.20～2.51) and taking physical training after class less than 3 days(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.03～2.15) over the past week were the risk factors for preschool children obesity. Conclusions School-age children obesity in Changping district is prevalent, which is closely correlated with unhealthy lifestyle, including frequent eating of western-style fast food, fast eating speed and lack of physical training.So it is suggested to take comprehensive measures for obesity prevention and treatment from the perspectives of rational diet, physical activities and behavioral modification.