下呼吸道感染病原菌构成及耐药性分析

目的了解下呼吸道感染病原菌的分布特点及耐药情况,以更好地为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法对2009年从临床住院患者分离出来的下呼吸道感染病原菌的分布情况及其耐药性进行回顾性调查和分析。结果 2253株阳性菌株中,G-杆菌有1598株,占70.93%,以铜绿假单胞菌（21.88%）、鲍曼不动杆菌（12.16%）、肺炎克雷伯菌（9.19%）为主;G＋球菌有448株,占19.88%,以金黄色葡萄球菌（18.06%）为主;真菌有207株,占9.19%,以白色假丝酵母菌为主（7.81%）。几种主要病原菌对各类抗菌药物的耐药程度各不相同,但大部分菌株均呈现多重耐药的现象。结论应加强细菌的耐药性监测,做好多重耐药菌患者的隔离治疗,加强抗菌药物应用的管理和督查,以减少多重耐药菌的产生和传播。

Distribution of Antibiotic Resistant Pathogens in Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Objective To investigate the characteristics of distribution and drug resistant pathogens isolated from in-patients with lower respiratory tract infections,and to provide scientific references for rational use of antibiotics in clinical practice.Method Distributions of drug resistant pathogens isolated from in-patients at 2009 with lower respiratory tract infections were retrospectively investigated and analyzed.Results Among the 2 253 drug resistant strains,1 598 isolates（70.93%）were Gram negative bacteria and the major species were Pseudomonas aeruginosa（21.88%）,Acinetobacter baumannii（12.16%） and Klebsiella pneumoniae（9.19%）.448 isolates（19.88%） were Gram positive bacteria and the major species was Staphylococcus aureus（18.06%）.207 isolates（9.19%） were fungi and the major species was Candida albicans（7.81%）.Most of the isolates exhibited multi-drug resistance.Conclusions Surveillance of drug resistant pathogenic bacteria should be strengthen in the hospitals.Strengthening on the management and monitoring of antibiotics usage may reduce the incidence and infection by the multi-drug resistance pathogens.