母鼠孕前营养过剩对子代小鼠生长发育影响

目的构建孕前营养过剩及超重小鼠模型,探讨孕前营养过剩对子代小鼠生长发育影响。方法 20只昆明种雌鼠随机分为对照组和实验组,分别给予标准饲料和高脂高糖饲料;两组单纯饲养4周后与雄鼠合笼,孕期继续上述饮食;产后均母乳喂养,产后3w断乳,哺乳期间母鼠仍按各自组别进食;监测单纯饲养期、孕期和哺乳期母鼠体重、血糖变化。两组子鼠断乳后一律以标准饲料喂养,监测子鼠出生至生后5w体重、身长和尾长发育。结果 1.母鼠体重和血糖变化：单纯饲养1周后开始实验组母鼠体重持续显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）;饲养1w和4w时,实验组母鼠血糖显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。孕中、晚期实验组母鼠体重与对照组无显著差异（P〉0.05）。哺乳期两组母鼠体重、血糖均无显著差异（P〉0.05）。2.母乳喂养期子鼠发育：出生3天和7天,实验组子鼠体重显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）;整个母乳喂养期,实验组子鼠尾长显著长于对照组（P〈0.05）,两组子鼠身长无显著差异（P〉0.05）。3.自由采食期子鼠发育：整个自由采食期,实验组雌性子鼠体重显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）;出生35天,实验组雄性子鼠体重也显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）;整个自由采食期,实验组子鼠尾长均显著长于对照组（P〈0.05）,两组子鼠身长无显著差异（P〉0.05）。结论通过高脂高糖饲料可以建立孕前营养过剩及超重小鼠模型,母鼠孕前营养过剩导致子代小鼠出生体重增加以及成年早期肥胖,其对机体的深入影响及机制值得进一步研究。

The effects of maternal overnutrition during prepregnancy on physical development of offspring mice

Objective： To establish mouse model of prepregnancy overnutrition and to investigate the effects of prepregnancy overnutrition on physical development of offspring mice. Methods： A total of 20 female Kunming mice were randomly divided into two groups, control and study group, which were fed with lab chow and high fat and high sugar diet, respectively. After feeding 4 weeks, all female mice were mated with male mice. After delivery, all mothers reared their pups freely. During pregnancy and lactation, mothers of the two groups were continuously fed their corresponding diet. After weaning, all pups were fed with lab chow. Changes of bodyweight and blood sugar of all mothers were monitored at different stage. Development of bodyweight, body height and tail height of offspring were monitored from birth to postnatal 5 weeks. Results： 1. After feeding 1 week, and from then on, the average maternal bodyweight of study group was significantly higher than that of control group （P〈0.05） . At the point of feeding 2 and 4 weeks, the average maternal sugar of study group was also significantly higher than control group （P〈0.05） . There was no significant difference in maternal bodyweight during second and third trimester pregnancy between control and study group （P〉0.05） . There was no significant difference in maternal bodyweight and blood sugar during lactation between control and study group （P〉0.05） . 2. Development of pups during lactational period： At the point of postnatal 3 and 7 day, the body weight of offspring of study group was significantly higher than that of control group （P〈0.05） . The tail height of offspring of study group was significantly longer than that of control group throughout lactational period （P〈0.05） . There was no significant difference in body height of offspring during lactational period between control and study group （P〉0.05） . 3. Development of pups during libitum period： The body weight of female offspring of study group was significantly